Abstract
Mycotoxins are generated by a series of fungal pathogens in postharvest fruit, resulting in serious health threat to consumers and great economic loss to the fruit storage industry. The microbial differences between rotten and healthy fruit during storage and their relationship with mycotoxin production have not been fully studied. In this study, differences in microbial diversity between rotten and healthy fruit after 30 days of storage at ambient temperature were investigated using high-throughput sequencing technology in ‘Huangguan’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd cv. Huangguan) harvested from five different producing regions of Hebei province, China. The bacterial genus Gluconobacter was much more abundant in rotten fruit (76.24%) than that in healthy fruit (32.36%). In addition, Komagataeibacter and Acetobacter were also relatively higher in abundance in rotten fruit. In contrast, bacterial genera Pantoea, Alistipes, Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillus, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG were found to be more abundant in healthy fruit. Fungal genera including Botryosphaeria, Colletotrichum, Valsa, Alternaria, Rosellinia, Fusarium, and Trichothecium were found to be abundant in rotten fruit. The results of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that there were significant differences in the microbial diversity of different regions. PAT (patulin) was detected in all rotten fruit samples, while tenuazonic acid (TeA), alternariol (AOH), and alternariolmonomethyl ether (AME) were only detected in samples collected from one region (Weixian). Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and Pearson correlation analysis showed that the abundance of Alistipes and Pantoea were negatively correlated with the contents of PAT, suggesting that bacterial genera Alistipes and Pantoea have potential in reducing mycotoxin production in ‘Huangguan’ pear.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Gluconobacter was more abundant in rotten than healthy fruit, 76.24% versus 32.36%.
- Taxon
- ‘Huangguan’ peare1
- Organ / stage
- rotten fruite0
- Interactor
- Gluconobacter
Gluconobactere0other - Outcome
- Gluconobacter was much more abundante0
- Direction
- much more abundante0
- Value
- 76.24%e0
- Qualifier
- 32.36%e0
- Comparator
- healthy fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The bacterial genus Gluconobacter was much more abundant in rotten fruit (76.24%) than that in healthy fruit (32.36%)”
t0“Huangguan Pear”
e1“‘Huangguan’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd cv. Huangguan)”
Claim · model-written summary
Komagataeibacter and Acetobacter were more abundant in rotten fruit.
- Taxon
- ‘Huangguan’ peare1
- Interactor
- Komagataeibacter
Komagataeibactere0other - Second interactor
- Acetobacter
Acetobactere0other - Outcome
- abundance in rotten fruite0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Komagataeibacter and Acetobacter were also relatively higher in abundance in rotten fruit”
t0“Huangguan Pear”
e1“‘Huangguan’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd cv. Huangguan)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pantoea, Alistipes and Muribaculaceae were more abundant in healthy fruit.
- Taxon
- ‘Huangguan’ peare1
- Outcome
- abundant in healthy fruite0
- Direction
- more abundante0
- Qualifier
- Muribaculaceaee0
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
PantoeaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“bacterial genera Pantoea, Alistipes, Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillus, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG were found to be more abundant in healthy fruit”
t0“Huangguan Pear”
e1“‘Huangguan’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd cv. Huangguan)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lactobacillus and Ruminococcaceae_UCG were more abundant in healthy fruit.
- Taxon
- ‘Huangguan’ peare1
- Interactor
- Lactobacillus
Lactobacilluse0other - Second interactor
- Ruminococcaceae_UCGe0other
- Outcome
- abundant in healthy fruite0
- Direction
- more abundante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lactobacillus, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG were found to be more abundant in healthy fruit”
t0“Huangguan Pear”
e1“‘Huangguan’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd cv. Huangguan)”
Claim · model-written summary
Several fungal genera were abundant in rotten fruit.
- Taxon
- ‘Huangguan’ peare1
- Interactor
- Botryosphaeria
_Cesati_%26_DeNotaris_661320.jpg?width=60)
Botryosphaeriae0pathogen - Second interactor
- Colletotrichum
Colletotrichume0pathogen - Outcome
- abundant in rotten fruite0
- Qualifier
- Valsa, Alternaria, Rosellinia, Fusarium, and Trichotheciume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Cesati_%26_DeNotaris_661320.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Fungal genera including Botryosphaeria, Colletotrichum, Valsa, Alternaria, Rosellinia, Fusarium, and Trichothecium were found to be abundant in rotten fruit”
t0“Huangguan Pear”
e1“‘Huangguan’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd cv. Huangguan)”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial diversity differed significantly by region.
Verbatim
e0“there were significant differences in the microbial diversity of different regions”
t0“Huangguan Pear”
e1“‘Huangguan’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd cv. Huangguan)”
Claim · model-written summary
Patulin was detected in every rotten fruit sample.
Verbatim
e0“PAT (patulin) was detected in all rotten fruit samples”
t0“Huangguan Pear”
e1“‘Huangguan’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd cv. Huangguan)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tenuazonic acid, alternariol and alternariolmonomethyl ether were detected only in Weixian samples.
Verbatim
e0“tenuazonic acid (TeA), alternariol (AOH), and alternariolmonomethyl ether (AME) were only detected in samples collected from one region (Weixian)”
t0“Huangguan Pear”
e1“‘Huangguan’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd cv. Huangguan)”
Claim · model-written summary
Alistipes abundance was negatively correlated with patulin content.
Verbatim
e0“the abundance of Alistipes and Pantoea were negatively correlated with the contents of PAT”
t0“Huangguan Pear”
e1“‘Huangguan’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd cv. Huangguan)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pantoea abundance was negatively correlated with patulin content.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the abundance of Alistipes and Pantoea were negatively correlated with the contents of PAT”
t0“Huangguan Pear”
e1“‘Huangguan’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd cv. Huangguan)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest Alistipes and Pantoea may reduce mycotoxin production.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggesting that bacterial genera Alistipes and Pantoea have potential in reducing mycotoxin production in ‘Huangguan’ pear”