Abstract
Watermelon fruit rind color (RC) and bloom formation (BF) affect product value and consumer preference. However, information on the candidate gene(s) for additional loci involved in dark green (DG) RC and the genetic control of BF and its major chemical components is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to identify loci controlling RC and BF using QTL-seq of the F2 population derived by crossing ‘FD061129’ with light-green rind and bloom and ‘SIT55616RN’ with DG rind and bloomless. Phenotypic evaluation of the F1 and 219 F2 plants indicated the genetic control of two complementary dominant loci, G1 and G2, for DG and a dominant locus, Bf, for BF. QTL-seq identified a genomic region on Chr.6 for G1, Chr.8 for G2, and Chr.1 for Bf. G1 and G2 helped determine RC with possible environmental effects. Chlorophyll a-b binding protein gene-based CAPS (RC-m5) at G1 matched the highest with the RC phenotype. In the 1.4 cM Bf map interval, two additional gene-based CAPS markers were designed, and the CAPS for a nonsynonymous SNP in Cla97C01G020050, encoding a CSC1-like protein, cosegregated with the BF trait in 219 F2 plants. Bloom powder showed a high Ca2+ concentration (16,358 mg·kg−1), indicating that the CSC1-like protein gene is possibly responsible for BF. Our findings provide valuable information for marker-assisted selection for RC and BF and insights into the functional characterization of genes governing these watermelon-fruit-related traits.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Dark green rind color was controlled by two complementary dominant loci, G1 and G2.
- Taxon
- Watermelon
Citrullus lanatust0 - Gene
- G1 and G2e0
- Outcome
- genetic control of two complementary dominant locie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phenotypic evaluation of the F1 and 219 F2 plants indicated the genetic control of two complementary dominant loci, G1 and G2, for DG”
t0“Watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Bloom formation was controlled by dominant locus Bf.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Gene
- Bfe0
- Outcome
- dominant locus, Bf, for BFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and a dominant locus, Bf, for BF”
t0“Watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
QTL-seq placed G1 on chromosome 6.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Gene
- G1e0
- Outcome
- genomic region on Chr.6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“QTL-seq identified a genomic region on Chr.6 for G1”
t0“Watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
QTL-seq placed G2 on chromosome 8.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Gene
- G2e0
- Outcome
- Chr.8e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chr.8 for G2”
t0“Watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
QTL-seq placed Bf on chromosome 1.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Gene
- Bfe0
- Outcome
- Chr.1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chr.1 for Bf”
t0“Watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
G1 and G2 helped determine rind color, with possible environmental effects.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Gene
- G1 and G2e0
- Outcome
- RCe0
- Qualifier
- possible environmental effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“G1 and G2 helped determine RC with possible environmental effects.”
t0“Watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
The RC-m5 marker at G1 had the highest match to the rind color phenotype.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Gene
- G1e0
- Outcome
- matched the highest with the RC phenotypee0
- Comparator
- Chlorophyll a-b binding protein gene-based CAPS (RC-m5)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll a-b binding protein gene-based CAPS (RC-m5) at G1 matched the highest with the RC phenotype.”
t0“Watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
A CAPS marker for a nonsynonymous SNP in Cla97C01G020050 cosegregated with bloom formation in 219 F2 plants.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Gene
- Cla97C01G020050e0
- Outcome
- cosegregated with the BF traite0
- Value
- 219 F2 plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the CAPS for a nonsynonymous SNP in Cla97C01G020050, encoding a CSC1-like protein, cosegregated with the BF trait in 219 F2 plants.”
t0“Watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Bloom powder had a high calcium ion concentration of 16,358 mg·kg−1.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- Bloom powdere0
- Outcome
- Ca2+ concentratione0
- Direction
- highe0
- Value
- 16,358 mg·kg−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bloom powder showed a high Ca2+ concentration (16,358 mg·kg−1)”
t0“Watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that the CSC1-like protein gene may be responsible for bloom formation.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Gene
- CSC1-like protein genee0
- Outcome
- BFe0
- Qualifier
- possiblye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“indicating that the CSC1-like protein gene is possibly responsible for BF”
t0“Watermelon”