Abstract
Understanding the role of nutrients in the alleviation of salt stress effects and the unrevealed significance of root system architecture for plant adaptation is one of the major research areas in the current context of agriculture. Root anatomy is also a valuable parameter to be considered in understanding how the root system counters soil salinity's effect on plant growth. Although Root Phosphorus Acquisition Efficiency (RPAE) under salt stress differs depending on plant species and the severity of salinity in the rhizosphere, optimising phosphorus (P) nutrition seems to bring positive results. This study was planned to investigate the combined effect of salinity and P-availability on root morphology and anatomy as well as nutrient uptake of wheat plants. A pot experiment was performed in open-field conditions using a Moroccan variety of durum wheat. Special emphasis was placed on how orthophosphate and polyphosphate fertilizer forms and phosphorus doses alter the morphology and anatomy of the roots under salt stress. Two soluble fertilizers were used: an orthophosphate (Ortho-A) and a polyphosphate (Poly-B) were applied at four P levels (0, 30, 45 and 60 ppm of P). Our findings showed that salt stress induced, at both anatomical and morphological levels, a series of modifications in the roots of wheat plants. Compared to salt-stressed and unfertilized plants, soluble P-fertilizers significantly increased soil available P, root P- content, RPAE, root length (RL), root surface area (RSA), root volume (RV), root mass density (RMD), root tissue water content (TWC), number of root tips, vascular cylinder diameter and SD/CT ratio. Furthermore, Poly-B showed a positive response in both morphological and anatomical parameters at lower doses while Ortho-A revealed significant results within the increase in P-concentration. The increased root parameters observed under P-treatments could determine the root performance and efficiency to acquire water and P and their transport to the aboveground organs of wheat plants under salinity.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress induced anatomical and morphological modifications in wheat roots.
- Taxon
- wheat plants
Triticum aestivume0 - Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- a series of modificationse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt stress induced, at both anatomical and morphological levels, a series of modifications in the roots of wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, soluble phosphorus fertilizers significantly increased soil available phosphorus relative to unfertilized plants.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- soluble P-fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- soil available Pe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- salt-stressed and unfertilized plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to salt-stressed and unfertilized plants, soluble P-fertilizers significantly increased soil available P”
t0“wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, soluble phosphorus fertilizers significantly increased wheat root phosphorus content and acquisition efficiency relative to unfertilized plants.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- soluble P-fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- root P- content, RPAEe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- salt-stressed and unfertilized plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to salt-stressed and unfertilized plants, soluble P-fertilizers significantly increased soil available P, root P- content, RPAE”
t0“wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, soluble phosphorus fertilizers significantly increased wheat root length, surface area and volume relative to unfertilized plants.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- soluble P-fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- root length (RL), root surface area (RSA), root volume (RV)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- salt-stressed and unfertilized plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to salt-stressed and unfertilized plants, soluble P-fertilizers significantly increased soil available P, root P- content, RPAE, root length (RL), root surface area (RSA), root volume (RV)”
t0“wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, soluble phosphorus fertilizers significantly increased wheat root mass density, tissue water content and number of root tips relative to unfertilized plants.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- soluble P-fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- root mass density (RMD), root tissue water content (TWC), number of root tipse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- salt-stressed and unfertilized plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soluble P-fertilizers significantly increased soil available P, root P- content, RPAE, root length (RL), root surface area (RSA), root volume (RV), root mass density (RMD), root tissue water content (TWC), number of root tips”
e1“Compared to salt-stressed and unfertilized plants”
t0“wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, soluble phosphorus fertilizers significantly increased wheat vascular cylinder diameter and SD/CT ratio relative to unfertilized plants.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- soluble P-fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- vascular cylinder diameter and SD/CT ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- salt-stressed and unfertilized plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soluble P-fertilizers significantly increased soil available P, root P- content, RPAE, root length (RL), root surface area (RSA), root volume (RV), root mass density (RMD), root tissue water content (TWC), number of root tips, vascular cylinder diameter and SD/CT ratio”
e1“Compared to salt-stressed and unfertilized plants”
t0“wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Poly-B improved wheat root morphology and anatomy at lower doses under salinity.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Poly-Be0
- Outcome
- morphological and anatomical parameterse0
- Direction
- positive responsee0
- Qualifier
- at lower dosese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Poly-B showed a positive response in both morphological and anatomical parameters at lower doses”
t0“wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Ortho-A produced significant wheat root results as phosphorus concentration increased under salinity.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ortho-Ae0
- Outcome
- morphological and anatomical parameterse1
- Qualifier
- increase in P-concentratione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ortho-A revealed significant results within the increase in P-concentration”
e1“morphological and anatomical parameters”
t0“wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest increased root traits under phosphorus treatment could improve water and phosphorus acquisition and transport in saline wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- P-treatmentse0
- Outcome
- root performance and efficiency to acquire water and P and their transport to the aboveground organse0
- Qualifier
- could determinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased root parameters observed under P-treatments could determine the root performance and efficiency to acquire water and P and their transport to the aboveground organs of wheat plants under salinity”
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See all 226 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.