Abstract
Drought severity and duration are expected to increase as a result of ongoing global climate change. Therefore, finding solutions to help plants to deal with drought stress and to improve growth in the face of limited water resources is critical. In this study, a drought tolerant- plant growth promoting endophytic bacterium was isolated from Aloe vera roots. It was identified as Sphingobacterium changzhouense based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and was deposited into NCBI database with accession number (ON944028). The effect of S. changzhouense inoculation on maize growth under drought stress was investigated. The results revealed that inoculation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) enhanced root and shoot elongation by 205 and 176.19% respectively. Photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency were improved in inoculated plants. interestingly, inoculation resulted in significant increase in total chlorophyll, total carbohydrates, proline, total proteins, total phenolics and total flavonoids by 64, 31.5, 25.1, 75.07, 83.7 and 65.4% respectively. Total antioxidant capacity of inoculated plants (51.2 mg/g FW) was higher than that of non-inoculated plants (11.87 mg/g FW), which was found to be positively correlated to the levels of phenolics and flavonoids. Our finding suggests that S. changzhouense could be used to improve crop growth and assist plants to resist drought stress in arid agricultural lands.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased maize root elongation by 205% under drought.
- Treatment
- S. changzhouense inoculatione1
- Interactor
- S. changzhouenseSphingobacterium changzhouensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- roote0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 205e0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) enhanced root and shoot elongation by 205 and 176.19% respectively”
e1“The effect of S. changzhouense inoculation on maize growth under drought stress was investigated”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased maize shoot elongation by 176.19% under drought.
- Treatment
- S. changzhouense inoculatione1
- Interactor
- S. changzhouenseSphingobacterium changzhouensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot elongatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 176.19%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) enhanced root and shoot elongation by 205 and 176.19% respectively”
e1“S. changzhouense inoculation on maize growth under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated maize had improved photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency.
- Treatment
- S. changzhouense inoculatione1
- Interactor
- S. changzhouenseSphingobacterium changzhouensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- Photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency were improved in inoculated plants.”
e1“S. changzhouense inoculation on maize growth under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased total chlorophyll by 64%.
- Treatment
- S. changzhouense inoculatione1
- Interactor
- S. changzhouenseSphingobacterium changzhouensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- total chlorophylle0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 64e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation resulted in significant increase in total chlorophyll, total carbohydrates, proline, total proteins, total phenolics and total flavonoids by 64, 31.5, 25.1, 75.07, 83.7 and 65.4% respectively”
e1“S. changzhouense inoculation on maize growth under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased total carbohydrates by 31.5%.
- Treatment
- S. changzhouense inoculatione1
- Interactor
- S. changzhouenseSphingobacterium changzhouensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- total carbohydratese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 31.5e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation resulted in significant increase in total chlorophyll, total carbohydrates, proline, total proteins, total phenolics and total flavonoids by 64, 31.5, 25.1, 75.07, 83.7 and 65.4% respectively”
e1“S. changzhouense inoculation on maize growth under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased proline by 25.1%.
- Treatment
- S. changzhouense inoculatione1
- Interactor
- S. changzhouenseSphingobacterium changzhouensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- prolinee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 25.1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation resulted in significant increase in total chlorophyll, total carbohydrates, proline, total proteins, total phenolics and total flavonoids by 64, 31.5, 25.1, 75.07, 83.7 and 65.4% respectively”
e1“S. changzhouense inoculation on maize growth under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased total proteins by 75.07%.
- Treatment
- S. changzhouense inoculatione1
- Interactor
- S. changzhouenseSphingobacterium changzhouensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- total proteinse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 75.07e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation resulted in significant increase in total chlorophyll, total carbohydrates, proline, total proteins, total phenolics and total flavonoids by 64, 31.5, 25.1, 75.07, 83.7 and 65.4% respectively”
e1“S. changzhouense inoculation on maize growth under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased total phenolics by 83.7%.
- Treatment
- S. changzhouense inoculatione1
- Interactor
- S. changzhouenseSphingobacterium changzhouensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- total phenolicse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 83.7e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation resulted in significant increase in total chlorophyll, total carbohydrates, proline, total proteins, total phenolics and total flavonoids by 64, 31.5, 25.1, 75.07, 83.7 and 65.4% respectively”
e1“S. changzhouense inoculation on maize growth under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased total flavonoids by 65.4%.
- Treatment
- S. changzhouense inoculatione1
- Interactor
- S. changzhouenseSphingobacterium changzhouensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- total flavonoidse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 65.4%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation resulted in significant increase in total chlorophyll, total carbohydrates, proline, total proteins, total phenolics and total flavonoids by 64, 31.5, 25.1, 75.07, 83.7 and 65.4% respectively”
e1“S. changzhouense inoculation on maize growth under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Total antioxidant capacity was higher in inoculated maize, 51.2 versus 11.87 mg/g FW.
- Treatment
- S. changzhouense inoculatione1
- Interactor
- S. changzhouenseSphingobacterium changzhouensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- Total antioxidant capacitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 51.2 mg/g FWe0
- Qualifier
- 11.87 mg/g FWe0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total antioxidant capacity of inoculated plants (51.2 mg/g FW) was higher than that of non-inoculated plants (11.87 mg/g FW)”
e1“S. changzhouense inoculation on maize growth under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Total antioxidant capacity was positively correlated with phenolics and flavonoids.
- Interactor
- S. changzhouenseSphingobacterium changzhouensee2symbiont
- Compound
- phenolics and flavonoidse0
- Outcome
- Total antioxidant capacitye1
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which was found to be positively correlated to the levels of phenolics and flavonoids”
e1“Total antioxidant capacity of inoculated plants”
e2“S. changzhouense inoculation on maize growth under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest using S. changzhouense to improve crop growth and drought resistance in arid agriculture.
- Interactor
- S. changzhouenseSphingobacterium changzhouensee0symbiont
- Outcome
- improve crop growth and assist plants to resist drought stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S. changzhouense could be used to improve crop growth and assist plants to resist drought stress in arid agricultural lands”
e1“maize growth under drought stress”
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