Abstract
The study pertained to environmentally-friendly methods in the cultivation of cereal, and aimed to manage the quality of rye and triticale seeds and determine the impact of seed conditioning using effective microorganisms (EM), red light (RL), and a combination of the two (RL × EM) on the yield of grain and straw. Moreover, the seeds were sown into soil with and without EM conditioning, designated as 0 and PEM. The yield fluctuations depended mostly on the studied rye and triticale cultivars. The best effects we observed in soil without EM conditioning for Dańkowskie Złote rye and Moderato triticale. The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM), and 17% (RL × EM), 23% (RL), 32% (EM) – Dańkowskie Złote, 27% (RL × EM), 44% (EM), 46% (RL), and 17% (RL × EM), 51% (EM), 78% (RL) – Moderato. In turn, seeds exposed to the experimental treatment and sown into soil containing EM produced reduced yields in both of the above cultivars. It is noteworthy that the conditioning methods employed in the field experiment can facilitate increased yields but most importantly contribute to the resilience of agrosystems and can therefore have environmental benefits. It is noteworthy that the conditioning methods employed in the field experiment can facilitate increased yields but most importantly contribute to the resilience of agrosystems and can therefore have environmental benefits.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Yield fluctuations depended mostly on cultivar.
- Taxon
- rye and triticale
Secale cereale
×Triticosecalee0 - Material
- rye and triticale cultivarse0
- Outcome
- yield fluctuationse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yield fluctuations depended mostly on the studied rye and triticale cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
rye grain yield increased 26% under RL in soil without EM conditioning.
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee2
- Material
- Dańkowskie Złotee2
- Treatment
- RLe0
- Outcome
- graine1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 26%e0
- Setting
- soil without EM conditioninge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e1“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e2“The best effects we observed in soil without EM conditioning for Dańkowskie Złote rye and Moderato triticale.”
Claim · model-written summary
rye grain yield increased 31% under RL × EM in soil without EM conditioning.
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee2
- Material
- Dańkowskie Złotee2
- Treatment
- RL × EMe0
- Outcome
- graine1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 31%e0
- Setting
- soil without EM conditioninge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e1“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e2“The best effects we observed in soil without EM conditioning for Dańkowskie Złote rye and Moderato triticale.”
Claim · model-written summary
rye grain yield increased 40% under EM in soil without EM conditioning.
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee2
- Material
- Dańkowskie Złotee2
- Treatment
- EMe0
- Outcome
- graine1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 40%e0
- Setting
- soil without EM conditioninge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e1“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e2“The best effects we observed in soil without EM conditioning for Dańkowskie Złote rye and Moderato triticale.”
Claim · model-written summary
rye straw yield increased 17% under RL × EM in soil without EM conditioning.
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee2
- Material
- Dańkowskie Złotee2
- Treatment
- RL × EMe0
- Outcome
- strawe1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 17%e0
- Setting
- soil without EM conditioninge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“17% (RL × EM), 23% (RL), 32% (EM) – Dańkowskie Złote”
e1“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e2“The best effects we observed in soil without EM conditioning for Dańkowskie Złote rye and Moderato triticale.”
Claim · model-written summary
rye straw yield increased 23% under RL in soil without EM conditioning.
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee2
- Material
- Dańkowskie Złotee2
- Treatment
- RLe0
- Outcome
- strawe1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 23%e0
- Setting
- soil without EM conditioninge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“17% (RL × EM), 23% (RL), 32% (EM) – Dańkowskie Złote”
e1“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e2“The best effects we observed in soil without EM conditioning for Dańkowskie Złote rye and Moderato triticale.”
Claim · model-written summary
rye straw yield increased 32% under EM in soil without EM conditioning.
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee2
- Material
- Dańkowskie Złotee2
- Treatment
- EMe0
- Outcome
- strawe1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 32%e0
- Setting
- soil without EM conditioninge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“17% (RL × EM), 23% (RL), 32% (EM) – Dańkowskie Złote”
e1“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e2“The best effects we observed in soil without EM conditioning for Dańkowskie Złote rye and Moderato triticale.”
Claim · model-written summary
triticale grain yield increased 27% under RL × EM in soil without EM conditioning.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee2
- Material
- Moderatoe2
- Treatment
- RL × EMe0
- Outcome
- graine1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 27%e0
- Setting
- soil without EM conditioninge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“27% (RL × EM), 44% (EM), 46% (RL)”
e1“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e2“The best effects we observed in soil without EM conditioning for Dańkowskie Złote rye and Moderato triticale.”
Claim · model-written summary
triticale grain yield increased 44% under EM in soil without EM conditioning.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee2
- Material
- Moderatoe2
- Treatment
- EMe0
- Outcome
- graine1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 44%e0
- Setting
- soil without EM conditioninge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“27% (RL × EM), 44% (EM), 46% (RL)”
e1“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e2“The best effects we observed in soil without EM conditioning for Dańkowskie Złote rye and Moderato triticale.”
Claim · model-written summary
triticale grain yield increased 46% under RL in soil without EM conditioning.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee2
- Material
- Moderatoe2
- Treatment
- RLe0
- Outcome
- graine1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 46%e0
- Setting
- soil without EM conditioninge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“27% (RL × EM), 44% (EM), 46% (RL)”
e1“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e2“The best effects we observed in soil without EM conditioning for Dańkowskie Złote rye and Moderato triticale.”
Claim · model-written summary
triticale straw yield increased 17% under RL × EM in soil without EM conditioning.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee2
- Material
- Moderatoe2
- Treatment
- RL × EMe0
- Outcome
- strawe1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 17%e0
- Setting
- soil without EM conditioninge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“17% (RL × EM), 51% (EM), 78% (RL) – Moderato”
e1“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e2“The best effects we observed in soil without EM conditioning for Dańkowskie Złote rye and Moderato triticale.”
Claim · model-written summary
triticale straw yield increased 51% under EM in soil without EM conditioning.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee2
- Material
- Moderatoe2
- Treatment
- EMe0
- Outcome
- strawe1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 51%e0
- Setting
- soil without EM conditioninge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“17% (RL × EM), 51% (EM), 78% (RL) – Moderato”
e1“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e2“The best effects we observed in soil without EM conditioning for Dańkowskie Złote rye and Moderato triticale.”
Claim · model-written summary
triticale straw yield increased 78% under RL in soil without EM conditioning.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee2
- Material
- Moderatoe2
- Treatment
- RLe0
- Outcome
- strawe1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 78%e0
- Setting
- soil without EM conditioninge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“17% (RL × EM), 51% (EM), 78% (RL) – Moderato”
e1“The increase in grain and straw yields was, respectively: 26% (RL), 31% (RL × EM), 40% (EM)”
e2“The best effects we observed in soil without EM conditioning for Dańkowskie Złote rye and Moderato triticale.”
Claim · model-written summary
Experimental seed treatment in EM-conditioned soil reduced yields in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- rye and triticaleSecale cereale×Triticosecalee2
- Treatment
- experimental treatmente0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Setting
- soil containing EMe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeds exposed to the experimental treatment and sown into soil containing EM produced reduced yields in both of the above cultivars”
e2“The yield fluctuations depended mostly on the studied rye and triticale cultivars.”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · yield · x Triticosecale (triticale)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →light · yield · x Triticosecale (triticale)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
inoculation · yield · Secale cereale (rye)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.