Abstract
Information about reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis during seed germination and early seedling stage of halophyte grasses is scant. This study examined the effects of increasing salinity on levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, a common ROS), membrane damage and antioxidant defense during seed germination and early seedling stage of a C4 xerohalophyte fodder grass Panicum antidotale. Increases in salinity resulted in decreased seed germination. Contents of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA, a common membrane damage marker) in germinating seeds increased with salinity, despite increased activities of most antioxidant enzymes. Whereas, high salinity resulted in decreased ascorbate and glutathione levels in germinating seeds. Growth of the early seedlings decreased with increases in salinity. Sap osmotic potential and chlorophyll content of the seedlings decreased with salinity increments. H2O2 content and activities of most antioxidant enzymes (except catalase) increased with increases in salinity. However, membrane integrity loss (an indicator of membrane damage) increased only at high (400 mM NaCl) but not at moderate (200 mM NaCl) salinity. These data indicate incidence of salinity-induced oxidative damage in both germinating seeds and seedlings of P. antidotale, especially under high salinity.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salinity decreased seed germination of Panicum antidotale.
- Taxon
- Panicum antidotaleJanochloa antidotalee0
- Treatment
- Increases in salinitye1
- Outcome
- seed germinatione1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“a C4 xerohalophyte fodder grass Panicum antidotale”
e1“Increases in salinity resulted in decreased seed germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased H2O2 and malondialdehyde contents in germinating seeds of Panicum antidotale.
- Taxon
- Panicum antidotaleJanochloa antidotalee0
- Organ / stage
- germinating seedse2
- Treatment
- salinitye2
- Outcome
- Contents of H2O2 and malondialdehydee2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“a C4 xerohalophyte fodder grass Panicum antidotale”
e2“Contents of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA, a common membrane damage marker) in germinating seeds increased with salinity, despite increased activities of most antioxidant enzymes”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased the activities of most antioxidant enzymes in germinating seeds of Panicum antidotale.
- Taxon
- Panicum antidotaleJanochloa antidotalee0
- Organ / stage
- germinating seedse2
- Treatment
- salinitye2
- Outcome
- activities of most antioxidant enzymese2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“a C4 xerohalophyte fodder grass Panicum antidotale”
e2“Contents of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA, a common membrane damage marker) in germinating seeds increased with salinity, despite increased activities of most antioxidant enzymes”
Claim · model-written summary
High salinity decreased ascorbate and glutathione levels in germinating seeds of Panicum antidotale.
- Taxon
- Panicum antidotaleJanochloa antidotalee0
- Organ / stage
- germinating seedse4
- Treatment
- high salinitye4
- Outcome
- ascorbate and glutathione levelse4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“a C4 xerohalophyte fodder grass Panicum antidotale”
e4“high salinity resulted in decreased ascorbate and glutathione levels in germinating seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salinity decreased early seedling growth of Panicum antidotale.
- Taxon
- Panicum antidotaleJanochloa antidotalee0
- Organ / stage
- early seedlingse5
- Treatment
- increases in salinitye5
- Outcome
- Growth of the early seedlingse5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“a C4 xerohalophyte fodder grass Panicum antidotale”
e5“Growth of the early seedlings decreased with increases in salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salinity decreased sap osmotic potential and chlorophyll content of seedlings of Panicum antidotale.
- Taxon
- Panicum antidotaleJanochloa antidotalee0
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse6
- Treatment
- salinity incrementse6
- Outcome
- Sap osmotic potential and chlorophyll contente6
- Direction
- decreasede6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“a C4 xerohalophyte fodder grass Panicum antidotale”
e6“Sap osmotic potential and chlorophyll content of the seedlings decreased with salinity increments”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salinity increased H2O2 content and most antioxidant enzyme activities in seedlings of Panicum antidotale, except catalase.
- Taxon
- Panicum antidotaleJanochloa antidotalee0
- Treatment
- increases in salinitye7
- Outcome
- H2O2 content and activities of most antioxidant enzymese7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- except catalasee7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“a C4 xerohalophyte fodder grass Panicum antidotale”
e7“H2O2 content and activities of most antioxidant enzymes (except catalase) increased with increases in salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
High salinity (400 mM NaCl) increased membrane integrity loss in Panicum antidotale, relative to moderate salinity (200 mM NaCl).
Verbatim
e0“a C4 xerohalophyte fodder grass Panicum antidotale”
e1“membrane integrity loss (an indicator of membrane damage) increased only at high (400 mM NaCl) but not at moderate (200 mM NaCl) salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate salinity (200 mM NaCl) did not increase membrane integrity loss in Panicum antidotale.
Verbatim
e0“a C4 xerohalophyte fodder grass Panicum antidotale”
e1“membrane integrity loss (an indicator of membrane damage) increased only at high (400 mM NaCl) but not at moderate (200 mM NaCl) salinity”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · molecular: metabolites · Janochloa antidotaleResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
salinity · growth · Janochloa antidotaleResults agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.