Abstract
Salinity stress is of the critical abiotic stress factors in many parts of the world, especially in arid and semi-arid regions and drastically decrease the growth and productivity of the crop. Therefore, in order to maintain the crop productivity and ensure food security in salt-stress suffered regions; in the last decade, novel engineered nanoparticles were synthesized and then assayed for their potential effects concerned with the plant protection against stress conditions. Herewith the present study, we synthesized proline-functionalized graphene oxide nanoparticles (GO-Pro NPs). Then, the interaction effects of either GO-Pro NPs (50 and 100 mg L−1) or graphene oxide nanoparticles (50 and 100 mg L−1) and salinity stress (50 and 100 mM NaCl) on Vitis vinifera L. cv Sultana were evaluated by assaying an array of parameters, viz. photosynthetic pigments, electrolyte leakage, relative leaf water content, protein, proline, antioxidant defense systems, and oxidative stress markers. Accordingly, salinity critically reduced chlorophyll index and content as well as leaf water content, whilst it caused significant increases in electrolyte leakage, the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as contents of proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In stress-submitted plants, foliar application of proline-functionalized graphene oxide nanoparticles (100 mM) was effective against oxidative damage with increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, proline, and the relative water content of leaves and reducing electrolyte leakage (EL), H2O2, and MDA. The current findings revealed that the oxidative stress caused by salinity in Sultana cultivar grapes might be alleviated by foliar application of different levels of proline-functionalized graphene nanoparticles.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced chlorophyll index and content and leaf water content of grape cv Sultana.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera
Vitis viniferae2 - Material
- Sultanae2
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll index and content as well as leaf water contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity critically reduced chlorophyll index and content as well as leaf water content”
e2“on Vitis vinifera L. cv Sultana”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased electrolyte leakage, superoxide dismutase activity and proline content of grape cv Sultana.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae2
- Material
- Sultanae2
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakage, the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as contents of prolinee1
- Direction
- increasese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity critically reduced chlorophyll index and content as well as leaf water content”
e1“it caused significant increases in electrolyte leakage, the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as contents of proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)”
e2“on Vitis vinifera L. cv Sultana”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents of grape cv Sultana.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae2
- Material
- Sultanae2
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)e1
- Direction
- increasese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity critically reduced chlorophyll index and content as well as leaf water content”
e1“it caused significant increases in electrolyte leakage, the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as contents of proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)”
e2“on Vitis vinifera L. cv Sultana”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of proline-functionalized graphene oxide nanoparticles (100 mM) increased antioxidant enzyme activity, proline and relative leaf water content in salt-stressed grape.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae2
- Material
- Sultanae2
- Treatment
- foliar application of proline-functionalized graphene oxide nanoparticles (100 mM)e3
- Outcome
- the activity of antioxidant enzymes, proline, and the relative water content of leavese3
- Direction
- increasinge3
- Comparator
- stress-submitted plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“on Vitis vinifera L. cv Sultana”
e3“In stress-submitted plants, foliar application of proline-functionalized graphene oxide nanoparticles (100 mM) was effective against oxidative damage with increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, proline, and the relative water content of leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of proline-functionalized graphene oxide nanoparticles (100 mM) reduced electrolyte leakage, H2O2 and MDA in salt-stressed grape.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae2
- Material
- Sultanae2
- Treatment
- foliar application of proline-functionalized graphene oxide nanoparticles (100 mM)e3
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakage (EL), H2O2, and MDAe4
- Direction
- reducinge4
- Comparator
- stress-submitted plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“on Vitis vinifera L. cv Sultana”
e3“In stress-submitted plants, foliar application of proline-functionalized graphene oxide nanoparticles (100 mM) was effective against oxidative damage with increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, proline, and the relative water content of leaves”
e4“reducing electrolyte leakage (EL), H2O2, and MDA”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
salinity · physiology: oxidative · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
salinity · physiology: water · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
application · physiology: water · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
nanoparticle · physiology: oxidative · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
application · physiology: oxidative · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.