Abstract
Wall-associated kinase (WAK) is widely involved in signal transduction, reproductive growth, responses to pathogen infection and metal ion stress in plants. In this study, 19, 12, and 37 SsWAK genes were identified in Saccharum spontaneum, Saccharum hybrid and Sorghum bicolor, respectively. Phylogenetic tree showed that they could be divided into three groups. These WAK genes contained multiple cis-acting elements related to stress, growth and hormone response. RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that SsWAK genes were constitutively expressed in different sugarcane tissues and involved in response to smut pathogen (Sporisorium scitamineum) stress. Additionally, ScWAK1 (GenBank Accession No. OP479864), was then isolated from sugarcane cultivar ROC22. It was highly expressed in leaves and roots and its expression could be induced under SA and MeJA stress. Besides, ScWAK1 was significantly downregulated in both smut-resistant and susceptible sugarcane cultivars in response to S. scitamineum infection. ScWAK1 was a membrane protein without self-activating activity. Furthermore, transient expression of ScWAK1 in Nicotiana benthamiana enhanced the susceptibility of tobacco to the inoculation of Ralstonia solanacearum and Fusarium solani var. coeruleum, suggesting its negative role in disease resistance. The present study reveals the origin, distribution and evolution of WAK gene family and provides potential gene resources for sugarcane molecular breeding.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Nineteen SsWAK genes were identified in Saccharum spontaneum.
- Taxon
- Saccharum spontaneum
Saccharum spontaneume0 - Gene
- SsWAKe0
- Outcome
- SsWAK genese0
- Value
- 19e0
Not reportedMaterialOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleTreatmentComparatorDirectionQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“19, 12, and 37 SsWAK genes were identified in Saccharum spontaneum, Saccharum hybrid and Sorghum bicolor, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Twelve SsWAK genes were identified in Saccharum hybrid.
Not reportedMaterialOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleTreatmentComparatorDirectionQualifier
Verbatim
e0“19, 12, and 37 SsWAK genes were identified in Saccharum spontaneum, Saccharum hybrid and Sorghum bicolor, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty-seven SsWAK genes were identified in Sorghum bicolor.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor
Sorghum bicolore0 - Gene
- SsWAKe0
- Outcome
- SsWAK genese0
- Value
- 37e0
Not reportedMaterialOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleTreatmentComparatorDirectionQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“19, 12, and 37 SsWAK genes were identified in Saccharum spontaneum, Saccharum hybrid and Sorghum bicolor, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
WAK genes fell into three phylogenetic groups.
SaccharumNot reportedMaterialGeneOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleTreatmentComparatorDirectionQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phylogenetic tree showed that they could be divided into three groups.”
t0“Saccharum”
Claim · model-written summary
WAK genes contained cis-acting elements related to stress, growth and hormone response.
- Outcome
- multiple cis-acting elements related to stress, growth and hormone responsee0
Not reportedMaterialGeneOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleTreatmentComparatorDirectionValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These WAK genes contained multiple cis-acting elements related to stress, growth and hormone response.”
t0“Saccharum”
Claim · model-written summary
SsWAK genes were expressed constitutively in different sugarcane tissues.
Not reportedMaterialOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleTreatmentComparatorDirectionValueQualifier
Verbatim
e0“SsWAK genes were constitutively expressed in different sugarcane tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
SsWAK genes responded to smut pathogen stress.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee1
- Interactor
- Sporisorium scitamineum
Sporisorium scitamineume0pathogen - Gene
- SsWAK genese1
- Outcome
- response to smut pathogen (Sporisorium scitamineum) stresse0
Not reportedMaterialOrgan / stageTreatmentComparatorDirectionValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“involved in response to smut pathogen (Sporisorium scitamineum) stress.”
t0“in Saccharum and”
e1“SsWAK genes were constitutively expressed in different sugarcane tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
ScWAK1 was isolated from sugarcane cultivar ROC22.
Not reportedOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleTreatmentComparatorDirectionValueQualifier
Verbatim
e0“ScWAK1 (GenBank Accession No. OP479864), was then isolated from sugarcane cultivar ROC22.”
Claim · model-written summary
ScWAK1 was highly expressed in leaves and roots.
Not reportedMaterialInteractorInteractor roleTreatmentComparatorDirectionValueQualifier
Verbatim
e0“It was highly expressed in leaves and roots”
t0“ScWAK1”
e1“SsWAK genes were constitutively expressed in different sugarcane tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
SA and MeJA induced ScWAK1 expression.
Not reportedMaterialOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleComparatorValueQualifier
Verbatim
e0“its expression could be induced under SA and MeJA stress.”
t0“ScWAK1”
e1“SsWAK genes were constitutively expressed in different sugarcane tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
Smut infection significantly downregulated ScWAK1 in resistant and susceptible cultivars.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee0
- Treatment
- S. scitamineum infectione0
- Interactor
- S. scitamineumSporisorium scitamineume0pathogen
- Gene
- ScWAK1e0
- Outcome
- ScWAK1e0
- Direction
- downregulatede0
Not reportedMaterialOrgan / stageComparatorValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ScWAK1 was significantly downregulated in both smut-resistant and susceptible sugarcane cultivars in response to S. scitamineum infection.”
Claim · model-written summary
ScWAK1 was a membrane protein lacking self-activating activity.
Not reportedMaterialOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleTreatmentComparatorDirectionValueQualifier
Verbatim
e0“ScWAK1 was a membrane protein without self-activating activity.”
t0“Saccharum”
e1“SsWAK genes were constitutively expressed in different sugarcane tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient ScWAK1 expression enhanced tobacco susceptibility to Ralstonia solanacearum.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- transient expression of ScWAK1e0
- Interactor
- Ralstonia solanacearum
Ralstonia solanacearume0pathogen - Gene
- ScWAK1e0
- Outcome
- susceptibility of tobaccoe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedMaterialOrgan / stageComparatorValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transient expression of ScWAK1 in Nicotiana benthamiana enhanced the susceptibility of tobacco to the inoculation of Ralstonia solanacearum and Fusarium solani var. coeruleum”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient ScWAK1 expression enhanced tobacco susceptibility to Fusarium solani var. coeruleum.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- transient expression of ScWAK1e0
- Interactor
- Fusarium solani var. coeruleumFusarium caeruleume0pathogen
- Gene
- ScWAK1e0
- Outcome
- susceptibility of tobaccoe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedMaterialOrgan / stageComparatorValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transient expression of ScWAK1 in Nicotiana benthamiana enhanced the susceptibility of tobacco to the inoculation of Ralstonia solanacearum and Fusarium solani var. coeruleum”
The same questions in other papers
transgenic · Ralstonia solanacearum · Nicotiana benthamianaPositive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.