Abstract
The present work was carried out during the two successive seasons of 2018. and 2019 to assessment the influence of filter mud as organic manure and some micronutrients, as well as, their interactions on plant growth traits and chemical constituents of neem (Azadirachta indica) seedlings. Filter mud was applied to the soil of neem seedlings at the levels of 0, 30, 60 and 90 g/ seedling. Micronutrients applied namely, zinc (Zn) as ZnSo4.7H2o and manganese (Mn) as MnS04.H2o. The seedlings were sprayed with these nutrients as follows: control (0), 50 ppm Zn, 100 ppm Zn, 50 ppm Mn, 100 ppm Mn, 50 ppm Zn + 50 ppm Mn and 100 ppm Zn + 100 ppm Mn. The obtained results showed that the use of filter mud at all levels resulted a significant increase in stem length, stem diameter, leaves dry weight seedling, stem dry weight seedling and the three examined elements of N, P and K% in the dried leaves, except for the low level of filter mud (30 g/ seedling) regarding stem diameter in both seasons and also stem dry weight, in the first season. Clearly, applying the high level of filter mud (90 g/ seedling) gave the highest values of these previous traits. Obviously, foliar spray with Zn or Mn either single or together led of significant augment in above mentioned parameters, except for Zn at 50 ppm for both stem length and stem diameter, in the first season, as well as, 50 ppm Mn for leaves dry weight, in the first season and 50 ppm Mn for stem dry weight, in the second one. The highest values of the studied traits were detected by 100 ppm Zn + 100 Mn. The listed data indicated that the interaction effect was significant on all examined characteristics. Apparently, most combined treatments significantly augmented all tested aspects. Obviously, supplying the seedlings with filter mud at the high level (90 g/ seedling) plus foliar spray with 100 ppm Zn + 100 ppm Mn achieved the highest values of the studied traits.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Filter mud increased most neem seedling growth traits.
- Taxon
- neem (Azadirachta indica) seedlings
.jpg?width=60)
Azadirachta indicat0 - Treatment
- filter mude0
- Outcome
- stem length, stem diameter, leaves dry weight seedlinge0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- all levelse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the use of filter mud at all levels resulted a significant increase in stem length, stem diameter, leaves dry weight seedling, stem dry weight seedling”
t0“NEEM (Azadirachta indica) SEEDLINGS”
Claim · model-written summary
Filter mud increased leaf N, P and K percentages.
- Taxon
- neem (Azadirachta indica) seedlingsAzadirachta indicat0
- Treatment
- filter mude0
- Outcome
- N, P and K% in the dried leavese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the three examined elements of N, P and K% in the dried leaves, except for the low level of filter mud (30 g/ seedling) regarding stem diameter in both seasons and also stem dry weight, in the first season.”
t0“NEEM (Azadirachta indica) SEEDLINGS”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest filter mud rate gave the highest values of the preceding traits.
- Taxon
- neem (Azadirachta indica) seedlingsAzadirachta indicat0
- Treatment
- filter mud (90 g/ seedling)e0
- Outcome
- highest values of these previous traitse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“applying the high level of filter mud (90 g/ seedling) gave the highest values of these previous traits.”
t0“NEEM (Azadirachta indica) SEEDLINGS”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Zn or Mn singly or together significantly increased most listed parameters, subject to specified low-dose exceptions.
- Taxon
- neem (Azadirachta indica) seedlingsAzadirachta indicat0
- Treatment
- foliar spray with Zn or Mn either single or togethere0
- Outcome
- above mentioned parameterse0
- Direction
- augmente0
- Qualifier
- except for Zn at 50 ppm for both stem length and stem diameter, in the first season, as well as, 50 ppm Mn for leaves dry weight, in the first season and 50 ppm Mn for stem dry weight, in the second onee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar spray with Zn or Mn either single or together led of significant augment in above mentioned parameters, except for Zn at 50 ppm for both stem length and stem diameter, in the first season, as well as, 50 ppm Mn for leaves dry weight, in the first season and 50 ppm Mn for stem dry weight, in the second one.”
t0“NEEM (Azadirachta indica) SEEDLINGS”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined 100 ppm Zn and 100 Mn gave the highest studied trait values.
- Taxon
- neem (Azadirachta indica) seedlingsAzadirachta indicat0
- Treatment
- 100 ppm Zn + 100 Mne0
- Outcome
- studied traitse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest values of the studied traits were detected by 100 ppm Zn + 100 Mn.”
t0“NEEM (Azadirachta indica) SEEDLINGS”
Claim · model-written summary
The filter mud by micronutrient interaction was significant for all measured characteristics.
- Taxon
- neem (Azadirachta indica) seedlingsAzadirachta indicat0
- Treatment
- interaction effecte0
- Outcome
- all examined characteristicse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The listed data indicated that the interaction effect was significant on all examined characteristics.”
t0“NEEM (Azadirachta indica) SEEDLINGS”
Claim · model-written summary
Most combined treatments significantly increased tested traits.
- Taxon
- neem (Azadirachta indica) seedlingsAzadirachta indicat0
- Treatment
- combined treatmentse0
- Outcome
- all tested aspectse0
- Direction
- augmentede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most combined treatments significantly augmented all tested aspects.”
t0“NEEM (Azadirachta indica) SEEDLINGS”
Claim · model-written summary
High filter mud plus combined Zn and Mn spray yielded the highest studied trait values.
- Taxon
- neem (Azadirachta indica) seedlingsAzadirachta indicat0
- Treatment
- filter mud at the high level (90 g/ seedling) plus foliar spray with 100 ppm Zn + 100 ppm Mne0
- Outcome
- studied traitse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“supplying the seedlings with filter mud at the high level (90 g/ seedling) plus foliar spray with 100 ppm Zn + 100 ppm Mn achieved the highest values of the studied traits.”
t0“NEEM (Azadirachta indica) SEEDLINGS”