Abstract
Tillage and crop residue management play an imperative role in soil physico-chemical properties that eventually affects crop productivity. The objective of the study to find out a compatible combination of tillage and crop residue management for achieving sustainable food production by improving soil properties, providing favorable environment to crop plants. Secondly, managing crop residues effectively to reduce environmental pollution arising due to crop residue burning. With this aim, a field experiment was conducted on six years continued running experiment under conservation agricultural practices during rabi season of 2019-20 on chickpea. The experiment was comprised of five tillage operations with or without crop residue in main plot and three levels of nutrients in sub plots laid out in split plot design with three replications. Reduced Tillage with 60cm residue height (RT60) was recorded higher growth and yield attributes over conventional tillage practice that attributed to economic yield enhancement. The percent yield increment under NT and RT with 30 and 60cm height residue retention varied from 6.91% to 9.67% over conventional tillage. Maximum grain (2380 kg ha-1) and biological output (5762 kg ha-1) was recorded under RT60 (T4), which ascribed to higher net return (Rs 60551 ha-1) and benefit-cost ratio (2.97). The augmentation in net monetary benefit among tillage systems was lies between 24.32% to 37.78% over conventional tillage. The seed protein content ranged between 20.38 to 21.69% among the treatments. Moreover, total N uptake was maximum under RT60, while total P and K uptake was higher in No Tillage with 30cm residue height (T1). No-Tillage with 60cm residue height (NT60) recorded relatively higher soil moisture content (SMC) (22.71 and 15.40%). Treatment NT30 accrued relatively higher value of soil bulk density (1.42 Mg m-3) followed by NT60 and RT60 in comparison to conventional tillage (1.34 Mg m-3). In conclusion, NT and RT with 60cm residue height along with STCR (N3) nutrient dose was found effective for sustainable food production.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
RT60 improved chickpea growth and yield attributes over conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinumt0 - Treatment
- Reduced Tillage with 60cm residue height (RT60)e0
- Outcome
- growth and yield attributese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage practicee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduced Tillage with 60cm residue height (RT60) was recorded higher growth and yield attributes over conventional tillage practice”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
NT and RT with 30 and 60cm residue retention increased chickpea yield by 6.91% to 9.67%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- NT and RT with 30 and 60cm height residue retentione0
- Outcome
- yield incremente0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 6.91% to 9.67%e0
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percent yield increment under NT and RT with 30 and 60cm height residue retention varied from 6.91% to 9.67% over conventional tillage”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RT60 produced maximum grain output of 2380 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- RT60 (T4)e0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 2380 kg ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum grain (2380 kg ha-1) and biological output (5762 kg ha-1) was recorded under RT60 (T4)”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RT60 produced maximum biological output of 5762 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- RT60 (T4)e0
- Outcome
- biological outpute0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 5762 kg ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum grain (2380 kg ha-1) and biological output (5762 kg ha-1) was recorded under RT60 (T4)”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RT60 gave net return of Rs 60551 ha-1.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- Rs 60551 ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher net return (Rs 60551 ha-1) and benefit-cost ratio (2.97)”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RT60 gave a benefit-cost ratio of 2.97.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Outcome
- benefit-cost ratioe0
- Value
- 2.97e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher net return (Rs 60551 ha-1) and benefit-cost ratio (2.97)”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Net monetary benefit rose by 24.32% to 37.78% across tillage systems.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- tillage systemse0
- Outcome
- net monetary benefite0
- Direction
- augmentatione0
- Value
- 24.32% to 37.78%e0
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The augmentation in net monetary benefit among tillage systems was lies between 24.32% to 37.78% over conventional tillage”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed protein content ranged from 20.38 to 21.69% among treatments.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Outcome
- seed protein contente0
- Value
- 20.38 to 21.69%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The seed protein content ranged between 20.38 to 21.69% among the treatments”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RT60 maximized total N uptake.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- RT60e0
- Outcome
- total N uptakee0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total N uptake was maximum under RT60”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
No Tillage with 30cm residue height increased total P and K uptake.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- No Tillage with 30cm residue height (T1)e0
- Outcome
- total P and K uptakee0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total P and K uptake was higher in No Tillage with 30cm residue height (T1)”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
NT60 had relatively higher soil moisture content, 22.71 and 15.40%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- No-Tillage with 60cm residue height (NT60)e0
- Outcome
- soil moisture content (SMC)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 22.71 and 15.40%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No-Tillage with 60cm residue height (NT60) recorded relatively higher soil moisture content (SMC) (22.71 and 15.40%)”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
NT30 had relatively higher soil bulk density of 1.42 Mg m-3 versus conventional tillage at 1.34 Mg m-3.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- NT30e0
- Outcome
- soil bulk densitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1.42 Mg m-3e0
- Qualifier
- 1.34 Mg m-3e0
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment NT30 accrued relatively higher value of soil bulk density (1.42 Mg m-3) followed by NT60 and RT60 in comparison to conventional tillage (1.34 Mg m-3)”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend NT and RT with 60cm residue height plus STCR nutrient dose for sustainable food production.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- NT and RT with 60cm residue height along with STCR (N3) nutrient dosee0
- Outcome
- sustainable food productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NT and RT with 60cm residue height along with STCR (N3) nutrient dose was found effective for sustainable food production”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
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