Abstract
Plant extracts and essential oils are considered alternatives to synthetic chemicals with toxic effects on insects and mites. Acaricidal, repellent, and oviposition effects of commercially available essential oils of Origanum vulgare L. (Lamiaceae) and Syzygium aromaticum (L.) (Myrtaceae) were investigated in this study on Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), one of the main pests in agriculture, on two host plant species using leaf disc bioassays. O. vulgare essential oil showed higher toxicity to T. urticae protonymphs and adult females inhabiting both bean and tomato leaves than S. aromaticum essential oil. The LC 50 values of O. vulgare essential oil were found to be 1.67 and 2.05 µl L −1 air for the bean populations in protonymphs and adult females and 1.87 and 3.07 µl L −1 air for the tomato populations, respectively. Five percent concentration of S. aromaticum essential oil had the highest repellent effect on the bean population of T. urticae after 1, 24, and 48 h, resulting in 61.22%, 40.81%, and 18% repellence, respectively. Although O. vulgare showed higher toxic effects, S. aromaticum was a better repellent against the bean population of T. urticae . The mortality rates of adult females of T. urticae treated with either O. vulgare or S. aromaticum essential oil increased with the increasing concentration and time on both host plants. Both essential oils caused a decrease in egg number and larvae hatching in both bean and tomato populations of T. urticae . In the light of the results obtained, O. vulgare and S. aromatium essential oils have the potential to be used in the control programs against T. urticae in both host plants.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Origanum vulgare essential oil was more toxic to T. urticae protonymphs and adult females on bean and tomato leaves than Syzygium aromaticum essential oil.
- Taxon
- bean and tomatoe1
- Treatment
- O. vulgare essential oile1
- Interactor
- T. urticae
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Tetranychus urticaee1pest - Outcome
- toxicity to T. urticae protonymphs and adult femalese1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- S. aromaticum essential oile1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“O. vulgare essential oil showed higher toxicity to T. urticae protonymphs and adult females inhabiting both bean and tomato leaves than S. aromaticum essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
The LC 50 of Origanum vulgare essential oil on bean populations was 1.67 and 2.05 µl L −1 air for protonymphs and adult females.
- Taxon
- beane2
- Treatment
- O. vulgare essential oile2
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee1pest
- Outcome
- LC 50 valuese2
- Value
- 1.67 and 2.05 µl L −1 aire2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“O. vulgare essential oil showed higher toxicity to T. urticae protonymphs and adult females inhabiting both bean and tomato leaves than S. aromaticum essential oil”
e2“The LC 50 values of O. vulgare essential oil were found to be 1.67 and 2.05 µl L −1 air for the bean populations in protonymphs and adult females and 1.87 and 3.07 µl L −1 air for the tomato populations”
Claim · model-written summary
The LC 50 of Origanum vulgare essential oil on tomato populations was 1.87 and 3.07 µl L −1 air.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume2 - Treatment
- O. vulgare essential oile2
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee1pest
- Outcome
- LC 50 valuese2
- Value
- 1.87 and 3.07 µl L −1 aire2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“O. vulgare essential oil showed higher toxicity to T. urticae protonymphs and adult females inhabiting both bean and tomato leaves than S. aromaticum essential oil”
e2“The LC 50 values of O. vulgare essential oil were found to be 1.67 and 2.05 µl L −1 air for the bean populations in protonymphs and adult females and 1.87 and 3.07 µl L −1 air for the tomato populations”
Claim · model-written summary
Five percent Syzygium aromaticum essential oil gave 61.22% repellence of the bean population of T. urticae after 1 h.
- Taxon
- beane3
- Treatment
- Five percent concentration of S. aromaticum essential oile3
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee3pest
- Outcome
- repellent effecte3
- Value
- 61.22%e3
- Qualifier
- after 1, 24, and 48 he3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Five percent concentration of S. aromaticum essential oil had the highest repellent effect on the bean population of T. urticae after 1, 24, and 48 h, resulting in 61.22%, 40.81%, and 18% repellence, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Five percent Syzygium aromaticum essential oil gave 40.81% repellence of the bean population of T. urticae after 24 h.
- Taxon
- beane3
- Treatment
- Five percent concentration of S. aromaticum essential oile3
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee3pest
- Outcome
- repellent effecte3
- Value
- 40.81%e3
- Qualifier
- after 1, 24, and 48 he3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Five percent concentration of S. aromaticum essential oil had the highest repellent effect on the bean population of T. urticae after 1, 24, and 48 h, resulting in 61.22%, 40.81%, and 18% repellence, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Five percent Syzygium aromaticum essential oil gave 18% repellence of the bean population of T. urticae after 48 h.
- Taxon
- beane3
- Treatment
- Five percent concentration of S. aromaticum essential oile3
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee3pest
- Outcome
- repellent effecte3
- Value
- 18%e3
- Qualifier
- after 1, 24, and 48 he3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Five percent concentration of S. aromaticum essential oil had the highest repellent effect on the bean population of T. urticae after 1, 24, and 48 h, resulting in 61.22%, 40.81%, and 18% repellence, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Syzygium aromaticum was a better repellent than Origanum vulgare against the bean population of T. urticae.
- Taxon
- beane4
- Treatment
- S. aromaticume4
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee4pest
- Outcome
- repellente4
- Direction
- bettere4
- Comparator
- O. vulgaree4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Although O. vulgare showed higher toxic effects, S. aromaticum was a better repellent against the bean population of T. urticae”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing concentration and time increased the mortality of adult females of T. urticae treated with either essential oil on both host plants.
- Taxon
- bean and tomatoe1
- Treatment
- O. vulgare or S. aromaticum essential oile5
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee5pest
- Outcome
- mortality rates of adult femalese5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Qualifier
- increasing concentration and timee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“O. vulgare essential oil showed higher toxicity to T. urticae protonymphs and adult females inhabiting both bean and tomato leaves than S. aromaticum essential oil”
e5“The mortality rates of adult females of T. urticae treated with either O. vulgare or S. aromaticum essential oil increased with the increasing concentration and time on both host plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Both essential oils decreased egg number and larvae hatching of T. urticae on bean and tomato.
- Taxon
- bean and tomatoe6
- Treatment
- essential oilse6
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee6pest
- Outcome
- egg number and larvae hatchinge6
- Direction
- decreasee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Both essential oils caused a decrease in egg number and larvae hatching in both bean and tomato populations of T. urticae”
Claim · model-written summary
Origanum vulgare and Syzygium aromaticum essential oils have potential for control programs against T. urticae on bean and tomato.
- Taxon
- bean and tomatoe1
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee7pest
- Outcome
- potential to be used in the control programs against T. urticaee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“O. vulgare essential oil showed higher toxicity to T. urticae protonymphs and adult females inhabiting both bean and tomato leaves than S. aromaticum essential oil”
e7“have the potential to be used in the control programs against T. urticae in both host plants”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.