Abstract
Summary The root-burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis , is reputedly the most damaging nematode pest of banana and responsible for major production losses. In this study, the endophytic potential of 13 fungal isolates was assessed for the management of R. similis in East African Highland bananas (‘Ng’ombe’). All isolates successfully colonised tissue-cultured banana roots, with isolates from Trichoderma , Fusarium and Hypocrea producing the highest (⩾49.1%) and Beauveria isolates the lowest (⩽14.4%) colonisation. The fungal endophytes T. asperellum (ICIPE 700) and H. lixii (ICIPE 697) were the most effective in reducing R. similis densities (>81%) relative to the non-inoculated control. However, the combined inoculation of ICIPE 700 and ICIPE 697 led to greater suppression of R. similis (>21%) relative to individual inoculation. Suppression of R. similis following inoculation of banana roots with ICIPE 700 and/or ICIPE 697 was associated with the significant upregulation of the defence-related gene PR-1 , the cell signalling gene calmodulin Ca 2+ and the cell-wall-strengthening gene β-1 , 3-glucan synthase . This study demonstrates the potential for nematode management in bananas with fungal endophytes, especially using the isolates ICIPE 700 and ICIPE 697 when combined.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
All 13 fungal isolates colonized tissue-cultured banana roots.
Verbatim
e0“All isolates successfully colonised tissue-cultured banana roots”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma, Fusarium and Hypocrea isolates had the highest banana root colonization, at least 49.1%.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma
Trichodermae0symbiont - Outcome
- colonisatione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- ⩾49.1%e0
- Qualifier
- Fusarium and Hypocreae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolates from Trichoderma , Fusarium and Hypocrea producing the highest (⩾49.1%) and Beauveria isolates the lowest (⩽14.4%) colonisation.”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Beauveria isolates had the lowest banana root colonization, at most 14.4%.
BeauveriaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Beauveria isolates the lowest (⩽14.4%) colonisation.”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
T. asperellum ICIPE 700 reduced R. similis density by more than 81% versus no inoculation.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Treatment
- T. asperellum (ICIPE 700)e0
- Interactor
- R. similis
Radopholus similise0pest - Second interactor
- T. asperellum (ICIPE 700)
Trichoderma asperellume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- R. similis densitiese0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Value
- >81%e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fungal endophytes T. asperellum (ICIPE 700) and H. lixii (ICIPE 697) were the most effective in reducing R. similis densities (>81%) relative to the non-inoculated control.”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
H. lixii ICIPE 697 reduced R. similis density by more than 81% versus no inoculation.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Treatment
- H. lixii (ICIPE 697)e0
- Interactor
- R. similisRadopholus similise0pest
- Second interactor
- H. lixii (ICIPE 697)e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- R. similis densitiese0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Value
- >81%e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fungal endophytes T. asperellum (ICIPE 700) and H. lixii (ICIPE 697) were the most effective in reducing R. similis densities (>81%) relative to the non-inoculated control.”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined ICIPE 700 and ICIPE 697 inoculation suppressed R. similis over 21% more than individual inoculation.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Treatment
- combined inoculation of ICIPE 700 and ICIPE 697e0
- Interactor
- R. similisRadopholus similise0pest
- Second interactor
- ICIPE 700 and ICIPE 697e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- suppression of R. similise0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- >21%e0
- Comparator
- individual inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combined inoculation of ICIPE 700 and ICIPE 697 led to greater suppression of R. similis (>21%) relative to individual inoculation.”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Nematode suppression after isolate inoculation was associated with significant upregulation of PR-1.
- Taxon
- bananae0
- Treatment
- inoculation of banana roots with ICIPE 700 and/or ICIPE 697e0
- Interactor
- R. similisRadopholus similise0pest
- Gene
- PR-1e0
- Outcome
- upregulation of the defence-related gene PR-1e0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Suppression of R. similis following inoculation of banana roots with ICIPE 700 and/or ICIPE 697 was associated with the significant upregulation of the defence-related gene PR-1”
Claim · model-written summary
Nematode suppression after isolate inoculation was associated with significant upregulation of calmodulin Ca 2+.
Verbatim
e0“the significant upregulation of the defence-related gene PR-1 , the cell signalling gene calmodulin Ca 2+ and the cell-wall-strengthening gene β-1 , 3-glucan synthase”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Nematode suppression after isolate inoculation was associated with significant upregulation of β-1,3-glucan synthase.
Verbatim
e0“the significant upregulation of the defence-related gene PR-1 , the cell signalling gene calmodulin Ca 2+ and the cell-wall-strengthening gene β-1 , 3-glucan synthase”
t0“banana”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Radopholus similis · MusaPositive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.