Abstract
To investigate the impact of biochar on eggplant growth, physiology, and yield parameters under separate and associated drought and salt stress, a pot experiment was carried out. An eggplant variety (‘Bonica F1’) was exposed to one NaCl concentration (S1 = 300 mM), three irrigation regimes (FI: full irrigation; DI: deficit irrigation; ARD: alternate root-zone drying irrigation), and one dose of biochar (B1 = 6% by weight). Our findings demonstrated that associated drought and salt stress had a greater negative impact on ‘Bonica F1’ performance in comparison to single drought or salt stress. Whereas, adding biochar to the soil improved the ability of ‘Bonica F1’ to alleviate the single and associated effects of salt and drought stress. Moreover, in comparison to DI under salinity, biochar addition in ARD significantly increased plant height, aerial biomass, fruit number per plant, and mean fresh weight per fruit by 18.4%, 39.7%, 37.5%, and 36.3%, respectively. Furthermore, under limited and saline irrigation, photosynthetic rate (An), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (gs) declined. In addition, the interaction between ARD and biochar effectively restored the equilibrium between the plant chemical signal (ABA) and hydraulic signal (leaf water potential). As a result, mainly under salt stress, with ARD treatment, intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) and yield traits were much higher than those in DI. Overall, biochar in combination with ARD could be an efficient approach for preserving crop productivity.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Combined drought and salt stress harmed Bonica F1 more than either stress alone.
- Taxon
- Eggplant
Solanum melongenat0 - Material
- ‘Bonica F1’e0
- Treatment
- associated drought and salt stresse0
- Outcome
- performancee0
- Direction
- greater negative impacte0
- Comparator
- single drought or salt stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“associated drought and salt stress had a greater negative impact on ‘Bonica F1’ performance in comparison to single drought or salt stress”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar improved Bonica F1 ability to alleviate individual and combined salt and drought stress.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Material
- ‘Bonica F1’e0
- Treatment
- adding biochar to the soile0
- Outcome
- ability of ‘Bonica F1’ to alleviate the single and associated effects of salt and drought stresse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adding biochar to the soil improved the ability of ‘Bonica F1’ to alleviate the single and associated effects of salt and drought stress”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar addition under ARD increased plant height by 18.4% relative to DI under salinity.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- biochar addition in ARDe0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 18.4%e0
- Comparator
- DI under salinitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in comparison to DI under salinity, biochar addition in ARD significantly increased plant height, aerial biomass, fruit number per plant, and mean fresh weight per fruit by 18.4%, 39.7%, 37.5%, and 36.3%”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar addition under ARD increased aerial biomass by 39.7% relative to DI under salinity.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- biochar addition in ARDe0
- Outcome
- aerial biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 39.7%e0
- Comparator
- DI under salinitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in comparison to DI under salinity, biochar addition in ARD significantly increased plant height, aerial biomass, fruit number per plant, and mean fresh weight per fruit by 18.4%, 39.7%, 37.5%, and 36.3%”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar addition under ARD increased fruit number by 37.5% relative to DI under salinity.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- biochar addition in ARDe0
- Outcome
- fruit number per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 37.5%e0
- Comparator
- DI under salinitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in comparison to DI under salinity, biochar addition in ARD significantly increased plant height, aerial biomass, fruit number per plant, and mean fresh weight per fruit by 18.4%, 39.7%, 37.5%, and 36.3%”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar addition under ARD increased mean fruit fresh weight by 36.3% relative to DI under salinity.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- biochar addition in ARDe0
- Outcome
- mean fresh weight per fruite0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 36.3%e0
- Comparator
- DI under salinitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in comparison to DI under salinity, biochar addition in ARD significantly increased plant height, aerial biomass, fruit number per plant, and mean fresh weight per fruit by 18.4%, 39.7%, 37.5%, and 36.3%”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited and saline irrigation reduced photosynthetic rate, transpiration and stomatal conductance.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- limited and saline irrigatione0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic rate (An), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (gs)e0
- Direction
- declinede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under limited and saline irrigation, photosynthetic rate (An), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (gs) declined”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
ARD combined with biochar restored balance between ABA and leaf water potential signaling.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- ARD and biochare0
- Compound
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- equilibrium between the plant chemical signal (ABA) and hydraulic signal (leaf water potential)e0
- Direction
- restorede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“interaction between ARD and biochar effectively restored the equilibrium between the plant chemical signal (ABA) and hydraulic signal (leaf water potential)”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, ARD gave much higher intrinsic water use efficiency than DI.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- ARD treatmente0
- Outcome
- intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- under salt stresse0
- Comparator
- DIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under salt stress, with ARD treatment, intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) and yield traits were much higher than those in DI”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, ARD gave much higher yield traits than DI.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- ARD treatmente0
- Outcome
- yield traitse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- under salt stresse0
- Comparator
- DIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under salt stress, with ARD treatment, intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) and yield traits were much higher than those in DI”
t0“Eggplant”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose biochar with ARD for preserving crop productivity.
- Taxon
- EggplantSolanum melongenat0
- Outcome
- biochar in combination with ARDe0
- Qualifier
- preserving crop productivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biochar in combination with ARD could be an efficient approach for preserving crop productivity”
t0“Eggplant”
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