Paper · 2023 · International Journal of Plant & Soil Science

Influence of Hydrogel and Different Sowing Methods on Growth and Yield Aerobic Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Rahul Saini; C. Umesha

11
claims
22
verbatim quotes
0
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

The field experiment was conducted during Khairf 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P).To evaluatedo the influence of different level Hydrogel (0, 2, 4 kg/ha.) and methods of sowing( on growth and yield of aerobic rice. Hydrogel was broadcasting in the field before sowing (Flatbed sowing. Ridge sowing, furrow sowing) mixed well in the soil. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design and comprised of levels of hydrogel and methods of sowing with ten treatments and each were replicated thrice. The growth attributes which was plant height (96.20 cm), total tillers/m2 (540.27), plant dry weight (1078.70 g/m2), and crop growth rate (65.27 g/m2/day) was significantly increased with increasing the level of Hydrogel (0, 2 to 4 kg/ha.) and maximum was obtained with application of 4 kg Hydrogel with Furrow sowing. The yield attributes was obtained highest effective tillers/m2 (238.33), number of filled grains/panicle (172.83), grain yield (4.81 t/ha), Harvest index (44.35%), gross return (INR 1,76,043/ha), net return (INR 1,31,193/ha.) and benefit cost ratio (2.93).

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Claims 11

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Plant height increased with hydrogel level and reached 96.20 cm with 4 kg hydrogel and furrow sowing.

Taxon
Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
Treatment
4 kg Hydrogel with Furrow sowinge0
Outcome
plant heighte0
Direction
increasede0
Value
96.20 cme0
Comparator
0, 2 to 4 kg/ha.e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The growth attributes which was plant height (96.20 cm), total tillers/m2 (540.27), plant dry weight (1078.70 g/m2), and crop growth rate (65.27 g/m2/day) was significantly increased with increasing the level of Hydrogel (0, 2 to 4 kg/ha.) and maximum was obtained with application of 4 kg Hydrogel with Furrow sowing.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 547–865 · show in text ↑
t0

“Oryza sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–100 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Tillers per square metre increased with hydrogel level and reached 540.27 with 4 kg hydrogel and furrow sowing.

Taxon
Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
Treatment
4 kg Hydrogel with Furrow sowinge0
Outcome
total tillers/m2e0
Direction
increasede0
Value
540.27e0
Comparator
0, 2 to 4 kg/ha.e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The growth attributes which was plant height (96.20 cm), total tillers/m2 (540.27), plant dry weight (1078.70 g/m2), and crop growth rate (65.27 g/m2/day) was significantly increased with increasing the level of Hydrogel (0, 2 to 4 kg/ha.) and maximum was obtained with application of 4 kg Hydrogel with Furrow sowing.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 547–865 · show in text ↑
t0

“Oryza sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–100 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Plant dry weight increased with hydrogel level and reached 1078.70 g/m2 with 4 kg hydrogel and furrow sowing.

Taxon
Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
Treatment
4 kg Hydrogel with Furrow sowinge0
Outcome
plant dry weighte0
Direction
increasede0
Value
1078.70 g/m2e0
Comparator
0, 2 to 4 kg/ha.e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The growth attributes which was plant height (96.20 cm), total tillers/m2 (540.27), plant dry weight (1078.70 g/m2), and crop growth rate (65.27 g/m2/day) was significantly increased with increasing the level of Hydrogel (0, 2 to 4 kg/ha.) and maximum was obtained with application of 4 kg Hydrogel with Furrow sowing.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 547–865 · show in text ↑
t0

“Oryza sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–100 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Crop growth rate increased with hydrogel level and reached 65.27 g/m2/day with 4 kg hydrogel and furrow sowing.

Taxon
Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
Treatment
4 kg Hydrogel with Furrow sowinge0
Outcome
crop growth ratee0
Direction
increasede0
Value
65.27 g/m2/daye0
Comparator
0, 2 to 4 kg/ha.e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The growth attributes which was plant height (96.20 cm), total tillers/m2 (540.27), plant dry weight (1078.70 g/m2), and crop growth rate (65.27 g/m2/day) was significantly increased with increasing the level of Hydrogel (0, 2 to 4 kg/ha.) and maximum was obtained with application of 4 kg Hydrogel with Furrow sowing.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 547–865 · show in text ↑
t0

“Oryza sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–100 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Effective tillers per square metre reached 238.33 in the reported highest yield treatment.

Taxon
Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
Outcome
effective tillers/m2e0
Direction
higheste0
Value
238.33e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The yield attributes was obtained highest effective tillers/m2 (238.33), number of filled grains/panicle (172.83), grain yield (4.81 t/ha), Harvest index (44.35%), gross return (INR 1,76,043/ha), net return (INR 1,31,193/ha.) and benefit cost ratio (2.93).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 866–1122 · show in text ↑
t0

“Oryza sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–100 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Filled grains per panicle reached 172.83 in the reported highest yield treatment.

Taxon
Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
Outcome
number of filled grains/paniclee0
Direction
higheste0
Value
172.83e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The yield attributes was obtained highest effective tillers/m2 (238.33), number of filled grains/panicle (172.83), grain yield (4.81 t/ha), Harvest index (44.35%), gross return (INR 1,76,043/ha), net return (INR 1,31,193/ha.) and benefit cost ratio (2.93).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 866–1122 · show in text ↑
t0

“Oryza sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–100 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Grain yield reached 4.81 t/ha in the reported highest yield treatment.

Taxon
Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
4.81 t/hae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The yield attributes was obtained highest effective tillers/m2 (238.33), number of filled grains/panicle (172.83), grain yield (4.81 t/ha), Harvest index (44.35%), gross return (INR 1,76,043/ha), net return (INR 1,31,193/ha.) and benefit cost ratio (2.93).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 866–1122 · show in text ↑
t0

“Oryza sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–100 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Harvest index reached 44.35% in the reported highest yield treatment.

Taxon
Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
Outcome
Harvest indexe0
Direction
higheste0
Value
44.35%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The yield attributes was obtained highest effective tillers/m2 (238.33), number of filled grains/panicle (172.83), grain yield (4.81 t/ha), Harvest index (44.35%), gross return (INR 1,76,043/ha), net return (INR 1,31,193/ha.) and benefit cost ratio (2.93).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 866–1122 · show in text ↑
t0

“Oryza sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–100 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Gross return reached INR 1,76,043/ha.

Taxon
Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
Outcome
gross returne0
Value
INR 1,76,043/hae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“gross return (INR 1,76,043/ha), net return (INR 1,31,193/ha.) and benefit cost ratio (2.93).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1030–1122 · show in text ↑
t0

“Oryza sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–100 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Net return reached INR 1,31,193/ha.

Taxon
Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
Outcome
net returne0
Value
INR 1,31,193/ha.e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“gross return (INR 1,76,043/ha), net return (INR 1,31,193/ha.) and benefit cost ratio (2.93).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1030–1122 · show in text ↑
t0

“Oryza sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–100 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Benefit cost ratio reached 2.93.

Taxon
Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
Outcome
benefit cost ratioe0
Value
2.93e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“gross return (INR 1,76,043/ha), net return (INR 1,31,193/ha.) and benefit cost ratio (2.93).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1030–1122 · show in text ↑
t0

“Oryza sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–100 · show in text ↑

other · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

81 papers: 72 positive, 9 negative or no effect

71 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

77 papers more in this group

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other · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

166 papers: 161 positive, 5 negative or no effect

160 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

162 papers more in this group

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irrigation · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

291 papers: 222 positive, 69 negative or no effect

221 papers in the same direction as this paper · 62 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

287 papers more in this group

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irrigation · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

1,171 papers: 906 positive, 265 negative or no effect

905 papers in the same direction as this paper · 201 in the opposite direction · 64 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. negative

1,167 papers more in this group

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.