Abstract
Soil salinity is a major constraint for soybean production worldwide, and the exploitation of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and their bioactive metabolite(s) can improve plant salinity tolerance. With this objective, two experiments were performed, aiming to test 4 culture media (YEM(A), TYE(A), TS(A), and LB(A)) for growing a novel Devosia sp. (strain SL43), and then evaluating cell-free supernatants (CFS) from the Devosia sp. on germination of soybean ( Glycine max L.) seeds under salinity stress. Soybean seeds were subjected to three salinity levels (0, 100, and 125 mM NaCl) and 6 levels of Devosia sp. CFS dilution (0, 1:1, 1:100, 1:250, 1:500, 1:1000). The results indicated that 125 mM NaCl concentration caused the greatest reduction in the total number of germinated seeds (15%), germination rate (43.6%), root length (55.2%), root weight (39.3%), and seed vigor (68%), and it also increased mean germination time by 71.9%. However, Devosia -CFS improved soybean germination, and the greatest effect was obtained at 1:1 dilution. Under the highest salinity level, application of CFS at 1:1 dilution increased final germination (17.6%), germination rate (18.6%), root length (162.2%), root weight (239.4%), seed vigor index (318.7%), and also shortening mean germination time by 19.2%. The results indicated that seed vigor index was positively correlated with other traits except for mean germination time. Our study suggested that the highest productivity of Devoisa sp. was obtained from the YEM medium. Results also suggested that CFS produced by the novel Devosia sp. (SL43 strain) can successfully alleviate salt stress effects on soybean seed germination and manipulating the chemical composition of the growth medium can influence the effectiveness of these bioactive metabolites.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl at 125 mM caused the greatest reduction in total number of germinated seeds (15%).
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- 125 mM NaCle1
- Outcome
- total number of germinated seedse1
- Direction
- greatest reductione1
- Value
- 15%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e1“125 mM NaCl concentration caused the greatest reduction in the total number of germinated seeds (15%)”
Claim · model-written summary
125 mM NaCl reduced germination rate by 43.6%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 125 mM NaCle3
- Outcome
- germination ratee2
- Direction
- greatest reductione2
- Value
- 43.6%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e2“greatest reduction in the total number of germinated seeds (15%), germination rate (43.6%)”
e3“125 mM NaCl concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
125 mM NaCl reduced root length by 55.2%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 125 mM NaCle3
- Outcome
- root lengthe4
- Direction
- greatest reductione4
- Value
- 55.2%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e4“greatest reduction in the total number of germinated seeds (15%), germination rate (43.6%), root length (55.2%)”
e3“125 mM NaCl concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
125 mM NaCl reduced root weight by 39.3%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 125 mM NaCle3
- Outcome
- root weighte5
- Direction
- greatest reductione5
- Value
- 39.3%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e5“greatest reduction in the total number of germinated seeds (15%), germination rate (43.6%), root length (55.2%), root weight (39.3%)”
e3“125 mM NaCl concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
125 mM NaCl reduced seed vigor by 68%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 125 mM NaCle3
- Outcome
- seed vigore6
- Direction
- greatest reductione6
- Value
- 68%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e6“greatest reduction in the total number of germinated seeds (15%), germination rate (43.6%), root length (55.2%), root weight (39.3%), and seed vigor (68%)”
e3“125 mM NaCl concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
125 mM NaCl increased mean germination time by 71.9%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 125 mM NaCle3
- Outcome
- mean germination timee7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Value
- 71.9%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e7“it also increased mean germination time by 71.9%”
e3“125 mM NaCl concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Under the highest salinity level, CFS at 1:1 dilution increased final germination by 17.6%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- application of CFS at 1:1 dilutione1
- Outcome
- final germinatione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 17.6%e1
- Qualifier
- Under the highest salinity levele1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e1“Under the highest salinity level, application of CFS at 1:1 dilution increased final germination (17.6%)”
Claim · model-written summary
CFS at 1:1 dilution increased germination rate by 18.6% under the highest salinity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- application of CFS at 1:1 dilutione1
- Outcome
- germination ratee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 18.6%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e1“application of CFS at 1:1 dilution increased final germination (17.6%), germination rate (18.6%), root length (162.2%), root weight (239.4%), seed vigor index (318.7%), and also shortening mean germination time by 19.2%”
Claim · model-written summary
CFS at 1:1 dilution increased root length by 162.2% under the highest salinity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- application of CFS at 1:1 dilutione1
- Outcome
- root lengthe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 162.2%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e1“application of CFS at 1:1 dilution increased final germination (17.6%), germination rate (18.6%), root length (162.2%), root weight (239.4%), seed vigor index (318.7%), and also shortening mean germination time by 19.2%”
Claim · model-written summary
CFS at 1:1 dilution increased root weight by 239.4% under the highest salinity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- application of CFS at 1:1 dilutione1
- Outcome
- root weighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 239.4%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e1“application of CFS at 1:1 dilution increased final germination (17.6%), germination rate (18.6%), root length (162.2%), root weight (239.4%), seed vigor index (318.7%), and also shortening mean germination time by 19.2%”
Claim · model-written summary
CFS at 1:1 dilution increased seed vigor index by 318.7% under the highest salinity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- application of CFS at 1:1 dilutione1
- Outcome
- seed vigor indexe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 318.7%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e1“application of CFS at 1:1 dilution increased final germination (17.6%), germination rate (18.6%), root length (162.2%), root weight (239.4%), seed vigor index (318.7%), and also shortening mean germination time by 19.2%”
Claim · model-written summary
CFS at 1:1 dilution shortened mean germination time by 19.2% under the highest salinity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- application of CFS at 1:1 dilutione1
- Outcome
- mean germination timee1
- Direction
- shorteninge1
- Value
- 19.2%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e1“application of CFS at 1:1 dilution increased final germination (17.6%), germination rate (18.6%), root length (162.2%), root weight (239.4%), seed vigor index (318.7%), and also shortening mean germination time by 19.2%”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed vigor index was positively correlated with the other measured traits, except mean germination time.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- seed vigor indexe1
- Direction
- positively correlatede1
- Comparator
- other traitse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e1“seed vigor index was positively correlated with other traits except for mean germination time”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest productivity of Devoisa sp. was obtained from the YEM medium.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- YEM mediume1
- Interactor
- Devoisa sp.e1other
- Outcome
- productivity of Devoisa sp.e1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e1“the highest productivity of Devoisa sp. was obtained from the YEM medium”
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