Abstract
As a climbing organ, the tendril undergoes rapid elongation to increase its length to locate support within a short growth time. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this observation is poorly understood. Here, tendril development was divided into 4 stages in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) along with its growth. Phenotypic observations and section analyses showed that the rapid elongation of tendril primarily happened during stage 3 and was mainly due to cell expansion. RNA-seq analysis showed that PACLOBUTRAZOL-RESISTANCE4 (CsPRE4) was highly expressed in the tendril. Our RNAi studies in cucumber and transgenic overexpression in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) suggested that CsPRE4 functions as a conserved activator of cell expansion to promote cell expansion and tendril elongation. Through a triantagonistic HLH (helix-loop-helix)-HLH-bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix) cascade, CsPRE4-CsPAR1 (PHYTOCHROME RAPIDLY REGULATED1)-CsBEE1 (BR-ENHANCED EXPRESSION 1), CsPRE4 released the transcription factor CsBEE1, which activated expansin A12 (CsEXPA12) to loosen the cell wall structure in tendrils. Gibberellin (GA) promoted tendril elongation by modulating cell expansion, and CsPRE4 expression was induced by exogenous GA treatment, suggesting that CsPRE4 acts downstream of GA in regulating tendril elongation. In summary, our work suggested a CsPRE4-CsPAR1-CsBEE1-CsEXPA12 pathway in regulating cell expansion in cucumber tendrils, which might enable rapid tendril elongation to quickly locate support.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Tendril development was divided into four stages in cucumber.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Organ / stage
- tendrile0
- Outcome
- 4 stagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tendril development was divided into 4 stages in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rapid tendril elongation occurred primarily in stage 3.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- tendrile0
- Outcome
- rapid elongation of tendrile0
- Qualifier
- stage 3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapid elongation of tendril primarily happened during stage 3”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell expansion mainly accounted for rapid tendril elongation.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- tendrile0
- Outcome
- rapid elongation of tendrile0
- Qualifier
- cell expansione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapid elongation of tendril primarily happened during stage 3 and was mainly due to cell expansion”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
CsPRE4 was highly expressed in the tendril.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- tendrile0
- Gene
- CsPRE4e0
- Outcome
- highly expressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PACLOBUTRAZOL-RESISTANCE4 (CsPRE4) was highly expressed in the tendril”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
CsPRE4 activated cell expansion and tendril elongation in cucumber RNAi and Arabidopsis overexpression studies.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Gene
- CsPRE4e0
- Outcome
- cell expansion and tendril elongatione0
- Qualifier
- RNAi studies in cucumbere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our RNAi studies in cucumber and transgenic overexpression in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) suggested that CsPRE4 functions as a conserved activator of cell expansion to promote cell expansion and tendril elongation”
Claim · model-written summary
CsPRE4 released CsBEE1 through a CsPRE4-CsPAR1-CsBEE1 cascade.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Gene
- CsPRE4e0
- Outcome
- released the transcription factor CsBEE1e0
- Qualifier
- CsPRE4-CsPAR1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CsPRE4-CsPAR1 (PHYTOCHROME RAPIDLY REGULATED1)-CsBEE1 (BR-ENHANCED EXPRESSION 1), CsPRE4 released the transcription factor CsBEE1”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
CsBEE1 activated CsEXPA12 to loosen cucumber tendril cell walls.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Gene
- CsBEE1e0
- Outcome
- loosen the cell wall structure in tendrilse0
- Qualifier
- activated expansin A12 (CsEXPA12)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CsBEE1, which activated expansin A12 (CsEXPA12) to loosen the cell wall structure in tendrils”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
GA promoted tendril elongation through cell expansion.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- Gibberellin (GA)e0
- Outcome
- tendril elongatione0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- modulating cell expansione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gibberellin (GA) promoted tendril elongation by modulating cell expansion”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous GA induced CsPRE4 expression.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- exogenous GA treatmente0
- Gene
- CsPRE4e0
- Outcome
- CsPRE4 expressione0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CsPRE4 expression was induced by exogenous GA treatment”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose that CsPRE4 acts downstream of GA in tendril elongation.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Gene
- CsPRE4e0
- Outcome
- tendril elongatione0
- Qualifier
- downstream of GAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggesting that CsPRE4 acts downstream of GA in regulating tendril elongation”
t0“cucumber”
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See all 32 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.