Abstract
Abstract Sustainability of maize production systems is threatened by poor economic returns and resource intensiveness. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during 2016–17 to 2017–18 to assess the effect of tillage and microbial inoculantsintegrated phosphorus (P) management on productivity, quality, economic outcome and energy dynamics of maize. Three tillage practices viz., CT–R (conventional tillage with no residue), ZT–R (zero tillage with no residue) and ZT + R (zero tillage with wheat crop residue at 2.5 Mg/ha) were assigned in main plots and five P management practices viz., P1 (control–NK as per recommendation, but no P), P2 (17.2 kg P/ha), P3 (17.2 kg P/ha + PSB), P4 (17.2 kg P/ha + compost inoculants) and P5 (34.4 kg P/ha) were allocated in subplots in three times replicated split-plot design. The maximum grain yield (5.96 Mg/ha), protein content (9.13%), protein yield (546 kg/ha) and gross energy returns (209 × 10 3 MJ/ha) were recorded under ZT + R while higher benefit: cost ratio (B: C ratio – the amount of economic gain per unit investment) (1.53) and energy efficiency (12.5) was noticed under ZT–R. Among the P management practices, the application of 34.4 kg P/ha recorded the highest grain yield (6.45 Mg/ha), protein content (9.34%), protein yield (603 kg/ha), B: C ratio (1.65) and energy efficiency (10.1). The results suggested that the application of P at the rate of 34.4 kg/ha under ZT + R is an economically robust approach for the quality maize production in semi-arid region.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage with wheat residue (ZT + R) gave the maximum maize grain yield, 5.96 Mg/ha.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“The maximum grain yield (5.96 Mg/ha), protein content (9.13%), protein yield (546 kg/ha) and gross energy returns (209 × 10 3 MJ/ha) were recorded under ZT + R”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage with wheat residue (ZT + R) gave the highest maize protein content, 9.13%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“The maximum grain yield (5.96 Mg/ha), protein content (9.13%), protein yield (546 kg/ha) and gross energy returns (209 × 10 3 MJ/ha) were recorded under ZT + R”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage with wheat residue (ZT + R) gave the highest maize protein yield, 546 kg/ha.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“The maximum grain yield (5.96 Mg/ha), protein content (9.13%), protein yield (546 kg/ha) and gross energy returns (209 × 10 3 MJ/ha) were recorded under ZT + R”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage with wheat residue (ZT + R) gave the highest gross energy returns, 209 × 10 3 MJ/ha.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“The maximum grain yield (5.96 Mg/ha), protein content (9.13%), protein yield (546 kg/ha) and gross energy returns (209 × 10 3 MJ/ha) were recorded under ZT + R”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage without residue (ZT–R) gave the higher benefit: cost ratio in maize, 1.53.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“higher benefit: cost ratio (B: C ratio – the amount of economic gain per unit investment) (1.53) and energy efficiency (12.5) was noticed under ZT–R”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage without residue (ZT–R) gave the higher energy efficiency in maize, 12.5.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“higher benefit: cost ratio (B: C ratio – the amount of economic gain per unit investment) (1.53) and energy efficiency (12.5) was noticed under ZT–R”
Claim · model-written summary
Among phosphorus management practices, 34.4 kg P/ha recorded the highest maize grain yield, 6.45 Mg/ha.
- Treatment
- application of 34.4 kg P/hae0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 6.45 Mg/hae0
- Comparator
- P management practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“Among the P management practices, the application of 34.4 kg P/ha recorded the highest grain yield (6.45 Mg/ha), protein content (9.34%), protein yield (603 kg/ha), B: C ratio (1.65) and energy efficiency (10.1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Among phosphorus management practices, 34.4 kg P/ha recorded the highest maize protein content, 9.34%.
- Treatment
- application of 34.4 kg P/hae0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 9.34%e0
- Comparator
- P management practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“Among the P management practices, the application of 34.4 kg P/ha recorded the highest grain yield (6.45 Mg/ha), protein content (9.34%), protein yield (603 kg/ha), B: C ratio (1.65) and energy efficiency (10.1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Among phosphorus management practices, 34.4 kg P/ha recorded the highest maize protein yield, 603 kg/ha.
- Treatment
- application of 34.4 kg P/hae0
- Outcome
- protein yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 603 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- P management practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“Among the P management practices, the application of 34.4 kg P/ha recorded the highest grain yield (6.45 Mg/ha), protein content (9.34%), protein yield (603 kg/ha), B: C ratio (1.65) and energy efficiency (10.1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Among phosphorus management practices, 34.4 kg P/ha recorded the highest benefit: cost ratio in maize, 1.65.
- Treatment
- application of 34.4 kg P/hae0
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.65e0
- Comparator
- P management practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“Among the P management practices, the application of 34.4 kg P/ha recorded the highest grain yield (6.45 Mg/ha), protein content (9.34%), protein yield (603 kg/ha), B: C ratio (1.65) and energy efficiency (10.1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Among phosphorus management practices, 34.4 kg P/ha recorded the highest energy efficiency in maize, 10.1.
- Treatment
- application of 34.4 kg P/hae0
- Outcome
- energy efficiencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 10.1e0
- Comparator
- P management practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“Among the P management practices, the application of 34.4 kg P/ha recorded the highest grain yield (6.45 Mg/ha), protein content (9.34%), protein yield (603 kg/ha), B: C ratio (1.65) and energy efficiency (10.1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 34.4 kg P/ha under zero tillage with residue is an economically robust approach for quality maize production in the semi-arid region.
- Treatment
- application of P at the rate of 34.4 kg/ha under ZT + Re0
- Outcome
- economically robust approache0
- Setting
- semi-arid regione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“the application of P at the rate of 34.4 kg/ha under ZT + R is an economically robust approach for the quality maize production in semi-arid region”
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See all 1,099 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.