Abstract
An optical sensor like Green Seeker (GS) is an emerging tool for site-specific in-season fertilizer nitrogen management strategy. The objective of this study was to establish an in-season estimate of yield (INSEY)–grain yield (GY) relation in wheat grown under Eastern plains of India using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) at 45 and 65 days after sowing (DAS). Data revealed lower NDVI values at 65 DAS over 45 DAS in no-nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) applied control plots as well as in N-rich plots (225 kg ha −1 N); on the contrary, the values were higher at 65 DAS over 45 DAS in treatments where some N fertilizers were added based on NDVI readings at 45 DAS. Response index (RI) showed higher chances of response to external application of N in NDVI-based treatments. The INSEY–GY relation for wheat at 45 and 65 DAS was worked out as a power function of y = 64265x 1.171 and y = 46949x 1.036 (y is the attainable yield in kg ha −1 and x is INSEY), respectively. The yields could fairly be predicted through this relation even at 45 DAS, though the relationship was more robust at 65 DAS (R 2 = 0.94). A prescriptive dose of 60 kg N ha −1 as basal + 60 kg N ha −1 at crown root initiation (CRI) stage followed by NDVI sensor-guided N application (at 45 and 65 DAS) brought about a significant improvement in yield performances, N use efficiencies with higher net returns, and benefit-to-cost ratio. The results proved the reliability of the NDVI sensor as an important tool for the optimization of fertilizer nitrogen in wheat grown under the Eastern plains of India. The new INSEY–GY relation developed through this trial could successfully be used for yield prediction in the Eastern plains of India under changing climate.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
NDVI was lower at 65 than 45 days after sowing in control plots.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- control plotse0
- Outcome
- NDVI valuese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- 45 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower NDVI values at 65 DAS over 45 DAS in no-nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) applied control plots”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
NDVI was lower at 65 than 45 days after sowing in nitrogen-rich plots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N-rich plots (225 kg ha −1 N)e0
- Outcome
- NDVI valuese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- 45 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower NDVI values at 65 DAS over 45 DAS in no-nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) applied control plots as well as in N-rich plots (225 kg ha −1 N)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
NDVI was higher at 65 than 45 days after sowing under NDVI-based nitrogen fertilization.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N fertilizers were added based on NDVI readings at 45 DASe0
- Outcome
- valuese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 45 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the values were higher at 65 DAS over 45 DAS in treatments where some N fertilizers were added based on NDVI readings at 45 DAS”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Response index indicated greater likelihood of response to nitrogen application under NDVI-based treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NDVI-based treatmentse0
- Outcome
- chances of response to external application of Ne0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Response index (RI) showed higher chances of response to external application of N in NDVI-based treatments”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The 45-day INSEY–grain-yield relation followed y = 64265x 1.171.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- INSEY–GY relatione0
- Value
- 64265x 1.171e0
- Qualifier
- 45e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The INSEY–GY relation for wheat at 45 and 65 DAS was worked out as a power function of y = 64265x 1.171 and y = 46949x 1.036”
Claim · model-written summary
The 65-day INSEY–grain-yield relation followed y = 46949x 1.036.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- INSEY–GY relatione0
- Value
- 46949x 1.036e0
- Qualifier
- 65 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The INSEY–GY relation for wheat at 45 and 65 DAS was worked out as a power function of y = 64265x 1.171 and y = 46949x 1.036”
Claim · model-written summary
The INSEY relation predicted wheat yield by 45 days, with more robust fit at 65 days (R² = 0.94).
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- more robuste0
- Value
- R 2 = 0.94e0
- Comparator
- 45 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yields could fairly be predicted through this relation even at 45 DAS, though the relationship was more robust at 65 DAS (R 2 = 0.94)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Sensor-guided nitrogen application significantly improved wheat yield performance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 60 kg N ha −1 as basal + 60 kg N ha −1 at crown root initiation (CRI) stage followed by NDVI sensor-guided N application (at 45 and 65 DAS)e0
- Outcome
- yield performancese0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A prescriptive dose of 60 kg N ha −1 as basal + 60 kg N ha −1 at crown root initiation (CRI) stage followed by NDVI sensor-guided N application (at 45 and 65 DAS) brought about a significant improvement in yield performances, N use efficiencies with higher net returns, and benefit-to-cost ratio”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Sensor-guided nitrogen application significantly improved wheat nitrogen-use efficiency.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NDVI sensor-guided N application (at 45 and 65 DAS)e0
- Outcome
- N use efficienciese0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A prescriptive dose of 60 kg N ha −1 as basal + 60 kg N ha −1 at crown root initiation (CRI) stage followed by NDVI sensor-guided N application (at 45 and 65 DAS) brought about a significant improvement in yield performances, N use efficiencies with higher net returns, and benefit-to-cost ratio”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Sensor-guided nitrogen application increased wheat net returns.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NDVI sensor-guided N application (at 45 and 65 DAS)e0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A prescriptive dose of 60 kg N ha −1 as basal + 60 kg N ha −1 at crown root initiation (CRI) stage followed by NDVI sensor-guided N application (at 45 and 65 DAS) brought about a significant improvement in yield performances, N use efficiencies with higher net returns, and benefit-to-cost ratio”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Sensor-guided nitrogen application improved wheat benefit-to-cost ratio.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NDVI sensor-guided N application (at 45 and 65 DAS)e0
- Outcome
- benefit-to-cost ratioe0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A prescriptive dose of 60 kg N ha −1 as basal + 60 kg N ha −1 at crown root initiation (CRI) stage followed by NDVI sensor-guided N application (at 45 and 65 DAS) brought about a significant improvement in yield performances, N use efficiencies with higher net returns, and benefit-to-cost ratio”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that their INSEY–grain-yield relation can predict wheat yields in the Eastern plains of India under changing climate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- yield predictione0
- Setting
- Eastern plains of Indiae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The new INSEY–GY relation developed through this trial could successfully be used for yield prediction in the Eastern plains of India under changing climate.”
t0“wheat”
The same questions in other papers
crown compound · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- negative
33 papers more in this group
See all 37 papers →nitrogen · nutrient: efficiency · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
126 papers in the same direction as this paper · 45 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
170 papers more in this group
See all 174 papers →nitrogen · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1,736 papers in the same direction as this paper · 285 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- negative
2,057 papers more in this group
See all 2,061 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.