Abstract
Growth enhancement by drainage during seedling establishment was compared with seed coating with calcium peroxide in rice direct-sown into puddled and leveled soil. Coated and noncoated seeds were sown about 10 mm deep, three times from April to June at two locations (Niigata and Ibaraki, Japan). Seed coating with calcium peroxide accelerated seedling emergence at an early stage, whereas drainage during 10 to 13 days after sowing promoted it at a late stage. Although drainage was less effective in increasing the number of finally emerged seedlings than seed coating with calcium peroxide, the drainage clearly improved seedling establishment. Seed coating with calcium peroxide enhanced shoot elongation during seedling emergence. In contrast, drainage somewhat inhibited shoot elongation at this time, but promoted it after drained soil was flooded. Drainage also increased the dry weight of shoots more than flooding after seedling emergence. These results indicate that seed coating with calcium peroxide enhances plant growth during seedling emergence, whereas drainage after sowing promotes plant growth mainly after seedling emergence. This suggests that seed coating with calcium peroxide accelerates seedling emergence, but drainage after sowing enhances seedling establishment.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Seed coating with calcium peroxide accelerated seedling emergence at an early stage in rice compared with noncoated seeds.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae2 - Treatment
- Seed coating with calcium peroxidee1
- Outcome
- seedling emergencee1
- Direction
- acceleratede1
- Qualifier
- at an early stagee1
- Comparator
- noncoated seedse3
- Setting
- Niigata and Ibaraki, Japane3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Seed coating with calcium peroxide accelerated seedling emergence at an early stage, whereas drainage during 10 to 13 days after sowing promoted it at a late stage”
e2“in rice direct-sown into puddled and leveled soil”
e3“Coated and noncoated seeds were sown about 10 mm deep, three times from April to June at two locations (Niigata and Ibaraki, Japan)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drainage during 10 to 13 days after sowing promoted seedling emergence at a late stage in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- drainage during 10 to 13 days after sowinge1
- Outcome
- seedling emergencee1
- Direction
- promotede1
- Qualifier
- at a late stagee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Seed coating with calcium peroxide accelerated seedling emergence at an early stage, whereas drainage during 10 to 13 days after sowing promoted it at a late stage”
e2“in rice direct-sown into puddled and leveled soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Drainage was less effective than calcium peroxide seed coating in increasing the number of finally emerged rice seedlings.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- drainagee4
- Outcome
- number of finally emerged seedlingse4
- Direction
- less effectivee4
- Comparator
- seed coating with calcium peroxidee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in rice direct-sown into puddled and leveled soil”
e4“Although drainage was less effective in increasing the number of finally emerged seedlings than seed coating with calcium peroxide, the drainage clearly improved seedling establishment”
Claim · model-written summary
Drainage clearly improved seedling establishment in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- drainagee4
- Outcome
- seedling establishmente4
- Direction
- improvede4
- Qualifier
- clearlye4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in rice direct-sown into puddled and leveled soil”
e4“Although drainage was less effective in increasing the number of finally emerged seedlings than seed coating with calcium peroxide, the drainage clearly improved seedling establishment”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed coating with calcium peroxide enhanced shoot elongation during seedling emergence in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Organ / stage
- shoote5
- Treatment
- Seed coating with calcium peroxidee5
- Outcome
- shoot elongatione5
- Direction
- enhancede5
- Qualifier
- during seedling emergencee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in rice direct-sown into puddled and leveled soil”
e5“Seed coating with calcium peroxide enhanced shoot elongation during seedling emergence”
Claim · model-written summary
Drainage somewhat inhibited shoot elongation in rice during seedling emergence.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- drainagee6
- Outcome
- shoot elongatione6
- Direction
- inhibitede6
- Qualifier
- somewhate6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in rice direct-sown into puddled and leveled soil”
e6“In contrast, drainage somewhat inhibited shoot elongation at this time, but promoted it after drained soil was flooded”
Claim · model-written summary
Drainage promoted shoot elongation in rice after the drained soil was flooded.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- drainagee6
- Outcome
- shoot elongatione6
- Direction
- promotede6
- Qualifier
- after drained soil was floodede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in rice direct-sown into puddled and leveled soil”
e6“In contrast, drainage somewhat inhibited shoot elongation at this time, but promoted it after drained soil was flooded”
Claim · model-written summary
Drainage increased the dry weight of rice shoots more than flooding after seedling emergence.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Organ / stage
- shootse7
- Treatment
- Drainagee7
- Outcome
- dry weight of shootse7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- after seedling emergencee7
- Comparator
- floodinge7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in rice direct-sown into puddled and leveled soil”
e7“Drainage also increased the dry weight of shoots more than flooding after seedling emergence”
The same questions in other papers
calcium peroxide · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
seed treatment · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
229 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- no effect
241 papers more in this group
See all 245 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.