Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of integrated crop management practices on yield and economics of tomato at farmer’s field of Mancherial district, Telangana state during the year from 2019-20, 2020-21 and 2021-22. The farming area available for the production of tomato across India during the financial year 2022 is estimated to have amounted to 841 thousand hectares. The treatments consist of farmer practice (T1) with application of RDF (180: 100: 60 kg NPK ha-1) and direct sowing in the field and T2 consists of raising of seedlings by nursery, installation of yellow sticky traps @ 25 ha-1, staking of plants, marigold grown as trap crop (tomato 16 rows: marigold 1 row) and spraying of need-based chemicals along with application of RDF (180: 100: 60 kg NPK ha-1). The results revealed that the total percent yield gap between potential yield and actual yield of tomato was 52.94 percent, in which 10.38 percent of yield gap between demonstration plot and actual farmers plot yield and 42.56 percent of technological gap. The data (T2) showed that highest yield recorded (34.46 t ha-1) in comparison to farmer practice (25.54 t ha-1) (T1), high net prot (T2) over (T1) with BC Ratio 1.56 (T2) and 1.42 (T1). The experiment showed that the number of fruits, fruit weight and marketable yield were highest in T2 (ICM practices) over T1 (application of RDF: 180: 100: 60 kg NPK ha-1). The adoption of ICM practices shows positive impact on yield (34.46 t ha-1) and economics of tomato through adoption of ICM practices and also decreased the incidence of physiological disorders (blotchy ripening, sun-scalding) and pest-disease incidence (fruit borer and blight infestation).
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The gap between potential and actual tomato yield was 52.94 percent.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Outcome
- yield gape0
- Value
- 52.94 percente0
- Comparator
- potential yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total percent yield gap between potential yield and actual yield of tomato was 52.94 percent”
Claim · model-written summary
The demonstration plot to farmer plot yield gap was 10.38 percent.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- yield gape0
- Value
- 10.38 percente0
- Comparator
- actual farmers plot yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“10.38 percent of yield gap between demonstration plot and actual farmers plot yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The technological yield gap was 42.56 percent.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- technological gape0
- Value
- 42.56 percente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“42.56 percent of technological gap”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated crop management produced the highest yield, 34.46 t ha-1, versus farmer practice at 25.54 t ha-1.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- T2e1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 34.46 t ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 25.54 t ha-1e0
- Comparator
- farmer practicee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“highest yield recorded (34.46 t ha-1) in comparison to farmer practice (25.54 t ha-1) (T1)”
e1“The data (T2) showed that highest yield recorded (34.46 t ha-1) in comparison to farmer practice (25.54 t ha-1) (T1)”
Claim · model-written summary
The T2 benefit cost ratio was 1.56 compared with 1.42 for T1.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- T2e0
- Outcome
- BC Ratioe0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 1.56e0
- Qualifier
- 1.42e0
- Comparator
- T1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“BC Ratio 1.56 (T2) and 1.42 (T1)”
Claim · model-written summary
T2 had higher net profit than T1.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“high net prot (T2) over (T1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit number, fruit weight and marketable yield were highest under T2 relative to T1.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- T2 (ICM practices)e0
- Outcome
- number of fruits, fruit weight and marketable yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- T1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“number of fruits, fruit weight and marketable yield were highest in T2 (ICM practices) over T1”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated crop management decreased blotchy ripening and sun-scalding incidence.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- incidence of physiological disorders (blotchy ripening, sun-scalding)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“decreased the incidence of physiological disorders (blotchy ripening, sun-scalding)”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated crop management decreased fruit borer incidence.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- ICM practicese1
- Interactor
- fruit borere0pest
- Outcome
- pest-disease incidence (fruit borer and blight infestation)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“decreased the incidence of physiological disorders (blotchy ripening, sun-scalding) and pest-disease incidence (fruit borer and blight infestation)”
e1“The adoption of ICM practices shows positive impact on yield (34.46 t ha-1) and economics of tomato through adoption of ICM practices and also decreased the incidence of physiological disorders (blotchy ripening, sun-scalding) and pest-disease incidence (fruit borer and blight infestation)”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated crop management decreased blight infestation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- ICM practicese1
- Outcome
- blight infestatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato”
e0“decreased the incidence of physiological disorders (blotchy ripening, sun-scalding) and pest-disease incidence (fruit borer and blight infestation)”
e1“The adoption of ICM practices shows positive impact on yield (34.46 t ha-1) and economics of tomato through adoption of ICM practices and also decreased the incidence of physiological disorders (blotchy ripening, sun-scalding) and pest-disease incidence (fruit borer and blight infestation)”