Abstract
The effect of electric stimulation on the phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soil by tall fescue and wheat seedlings was investigated by monitoring the time-dependent changes in soil properties and Pb accumulation in plants with or without a direct current (DC) exchange field. The results showed that plants could strengthen electrical conductivity (EC) and current in the soil environment. The periodic exchange electrode helped maintain a stable soil pH. Electric stimulation enhanced phytoremediation efficiency, and the enhancement effect increased with plant growth. Compared with the treatments without a DC exchange electric field, the Pb content in plots with tall fescue and wheat seedlings under DC exchange electric field increased 107–250.6% and 32.7–84.4%, respectively, after 30 d of planting. DC exchange electric field significantly increased the Pb enrichment coefficient of tall fescue and wheat seedlings. The upward transport of Pb from wheat seedling roots to shoots was greatly promoted by electric stimulation for 18 d. However, Pb transport in both plants was restrained after 18 d of electric stimulation. Additionally, DC exchange electric stimulation can improve the phytoremediation of heavy-metal-contaminated soil. More attention should be paid to the selection and testing of promising hyperaccumulators for electrokinetic-assisted phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soil.
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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Plants increased soil electrical conductivity and current.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Outcome
- electrical conductivity (EC) and currente0
- Direction
- strengthene0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“plants could strengthen electrical conductivity (EC) and current in the soil environment”
Claim · model-written summary
Periodic electrode exchange maintained stable soil pH.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The periodic exchange electrode helped maintain a stable soil pH.”
Claim · model-written summary
Electric stimulation enhanced phytoremediation efficiency with plant growth.
- Taxon
- tall fescue and wheat seedlings
Triticum aestivum
Lolium arundinaceumt0 - Treatment
- Electric stimulatione0
- Outcome
- phytoremediation efficiencye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Electric stimulation enhanced phytoremediation efficiency, and the enhancement effect increased with plant growth.”
t0“tall fescue and wheat seedlings was investigated”
Claim · model-written summary
The enhancement increased as plants grew.
- Taxon
- tall fescue and wheat seedlingsTriticum aestivumLolium arundinaceumt0
- Organ / stage
- plant growthe0
- Outcome
- enhancement effecte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the enhancement effect increased with plant growth”
t0“tall fescue and wheat seedlings was investigated”
Claim · model-written summary
A DC exchange field increased Pb content in tall fescue plots after 30 days by 107–250.6%.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Treatment
- DC exchange electric fielde0
- Outcome
- Pb contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 107–250.6%e0
- Qualifier
- after 30 d of plantinge0
- Comparator
- treatments without a DC exchange electric fielde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Pb content in plots with tall fescue and wheat seedlings under DC exchange electric field increased 107–250.6% and 32.7–84.4%, respectively, after 30 d of planting”
e1“Compared with the treatments without a DC exchange electric field”
Claim · model-written summary
A DC exchange field increased Pb content in wheat plots after 30 days by 32.7–84.4%.
- Taxon
- wheat seedlingsTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- DC exchange electric fielde0
- Outcome
- Pb contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 32.7–84.4%e0
- Qualifier
- after 30 d of plantinge0
- Comparator
- treatments without a DC exchange electric fielde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Pb content in plots with tall fescue and wheat seedlings under DC exchange electric field increased 107–250.6% and 32.7–84.4%, respectively, after 30 d of planting”
e1“Compared with the treatments without a DC exchange electric field”
Claim · model-written summary
A DC exchange field significantly increased the Pb enrichment coefficient in tall fescue.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Treatment
- DC exchange electric fielde0
- Outcome
- Pb enrichment coefficiente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DC exchange electric field significantly increased the Pb enrichment coefficient of tall fescue and wheat seedlings.”
Claim · model-written summary
A DC exchange field significantly increased the Pb enrichment coefficient in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat seedlingsTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- DC exchange electric fielde0
- Outcome
- Pb enrichment coefficiente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DC exchange electric field significantly increased the Pb enrichment coefficient of tall fescue and wheat seedlings.”
Claim · model-written summary
Electric stimulation promoted upward Pb transport in wheat during the first 18 days.
- Taxon
- wheat seedlingTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- electric stimulatione0
- Outcome
- upward transport of Pb from wheat seedling roots to shootse0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- for 18 de0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The upward transport of Pb from wheat seedling roots to shoots was greatly promoted by electric stimulation for 18 d.”
Claim · model-written summary
After 18 days of stimulation, Pb transport was restrained in both plants.
- Taxon
- tall fescue and wheat seedlingsTriticum aestivumLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- electric stimulatione0
- Outcome
- Pb transporte0
- Direction
- restrainede0
- Qualifier
- after 18 de0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pb transport in both plants was restrained after 18 d of electric stimulation.”
t0“tall fescue and wheat seedlings was investigated”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend further selection and testing of hyperaccumulators.
- Taxon
- tall fescue and wheat seedlingsTriticum aestivumLolium arundinaceumt0
- Outcome
- selection and testing of promising hyperaccumulatorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More attention should be paid to the selection and testing of promising hyperaccumulators for electrokinetic-assisted phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soil.”
t0“tall fescue and wheat seedlings was investigated”
The same questions in other papers
physical treatment · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
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