Abstract
The results of research on the formation of a favorable water regime during the growing season as one of the most important conditions for realizing the existing potential of soil fertility and obtaining stable crop yields under irrigation conditions are presented. It was established that the early spring moisture reserves in the 0–100 cm soil layer during 2021–2022 were quite high in all variants of the main cultivation and amounted to 166–177 mm. Under the conditions of post-harvest sowing of green manure, the moisture reserves were greater by 4.0–6.0 mm for zero tillage in the first year and by 2.0–2.8 mm for long-term sowing in untreated soil. When plowing to a depth of 28–30 cm, more intense evaporation of water from the surface of the soil not covered with mulch occurred, which led to a loss of 10.0% of moisture, while the losses were 8.0 and 6.4% under the zero tillage options studied. The use of post-harvest green manure, compared to no green manure background, provides greater reserves of productive moisture in the soil in the pre-sowing period: with plowing — by 2.0–5.4%, with zero tillage in the first year and long-term use — up to 8.5% and 6.0%, respectively. With zero tillage and a fertilization system with the use of green manure, the share of used soil moisture in the total water consumption by soybeans increased to 5.7%. However, due to the greater density of the dark chestnut soil, which was observed in the no-till options, the efficiency of moisture use was lower than in the plowed options, which in turn led to a decrease in crop yield. It has been proven that the most efficient use of moisture for the formation of one ton of soybean crop during plowing, while the water consumption coefficient was 1280 m3/t. With zero tillage, water consumption was higher and reached 17%. However, the use of post-harvest buckwheat and phacelia crops increases the efficiency of water use under zero tillage by 5.0–10.0% and 3.0–17.0%, respectively.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Early spring soil moisture reserves in the 0-100 cm layer amounted to 166-177 mm in all tillage variants.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Outcome
- early spring moisture reservese1
- Value
- 166–177 mme1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“the early spring moisture reserves in the 0–100 cm soil layer during 2021–2022 were quite high in all variants of the main cultivation and amounted to 166–177 mm”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage increased moisture reserves by 4.0-6.0 mm in the first year of green manure sowing.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- zero tillagee1
- Outcome
- moisture reservese1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 4.0–6.0 mme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“the moisture reserves were greater by 4.0–6.0 mm for zero tillage in the first year and by 2.0–2.8 mm for long-term sowing in untreated soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Long-term sowing in untreated soil increased moisture reserves by 2.0-2.8 mm.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- long-term sowing in untreated soile1
- Outcome
- moisture reservese1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 2.0–2.8 mme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“the moisture reserves were greater by 4.0–6.0 mm for zero tillage in the first year and by 2.0–2.8 mm for long-term sowing in untreated soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Plowing to 28-30 cm caused a 10.0% moisture loss through more intense surface evaporation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- plowing to a depth of 28–30 cme1
- Outcome
- evaporation of water from the surface of the soile1
- Direction
- more intensee1
- Value
- 10.0%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“When plowing to a depth of 28–30 cm, more intense evaporation of water from the surface of the soil not covered with mulch occurred, which led to a loss of 10.0% of moisture”
Claim · model-written summary
Moisture losses under zero tillage were 8.0%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- zero tillage optionse1
- Outcome
- lossese1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- 8.0e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“while the losses were 8.0 and 6.4% under the zero tillage options studied”
Claim · model-written summary
Moisture losses under zero tillage were 6.4%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- zero tillage optionse1
- Outcome
- lossese1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- 6.4e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“while the losses were 8.0 and 6.4% under the zero tillage options studied”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-harvest green manure increased productive soil moisture by 2.0-5.4% under plowing.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- post-harvest green manuree1
- Outcome
- reserves of productive moisturee1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 2.0–5.4%e1
- Qualifier
- with plowinge1
- Comparator
- no green manure backgrounde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“The use of post-harvest green manure, compared to no green manure background, provides greater reserves of productive moisture in the soil in the pre-sowing period: with plowing — by 2.0–5.4%, with zero tillage in the first year and long-term use — up to 8.5% and 6.0%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-harvest green manure increased productive soil moisture by up to 8.5% with zero tillage in the first year.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- post-harvest green manuree1
- Outcome
- reserves of productive moisturee1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 8.5%e1
- Qualifier
- with zero tillage in the first yeare1
- Comparator
- no green manure backgrounde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“The use of post-harvest green manure, compared to no green manure background, provides greater reserves of productive moisture in the soil in the pre-sowing period: with plowing — by 2.0–5.4%, with zero tillage in the first year and long-term use — up to 8.5% and 6.0%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-harvest green manure increased productive soil moisture by up to 6.0% with long-term zero tillage.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- post-harvest green manuree1
- Outcome
- reserves of productive moisturee1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 6.0%e1
- Qualifier
- long-term usee1
- Comparator
- no green manure backgrounde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“The use of post-harvest green manure, compared to no green manure background, provides greater reserves of productive moisture in the soil in the pre-sowing period: with plowing — by 2.0–5.4%, with zero tillage in the first year and long-term use — up to 8.5% and 6.0%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage with green manure raised the share of used soil moisture in soybean water consumption to 5.7%.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- zero tillage and a fertilization system with the use of green manuree1
- Outcome
- share of used soil moisture in the total water consumptione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 5.7%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“With zero tillage and a fertilization system with the use of green manure, the share of used soil moisture in the total water consumption by soybeans increased to 5.7%”
Claim · model-written summary
Moisture-use efficiency was lower under no-till than under plowing.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- no-till optionse1
- Outcome
- efficiency of moisture usee1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- plowed optionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“due to the greater density of the dark chestnut soil, which was observed in the no-till options, the efficiency of moisture use was lower than in the plowed options, which in turn led to a decrease in crop yield”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till decreased soybean crop yield relative to plowing.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- no-till optionse1
- Outcome
- crop yielde1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Comparator
- plowed optionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“due to the greater density of the dark chestnut soil, which was observed in the no-till options, the efficiency of moisture use was lower than in the plowed options, which in turn led to a decrease in crop yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Moisture use was most efficient for soybean under plowing, with a water consumption coefficient of 1280 m3/t.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- plowinge1
- Outcome
- water consumption coefficiente1
- Direction
- most efficiente1
- Value
- 1280 m3/te1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“the most efficient use of moisture for the formation of one ton of soybean crop during plowing, while the water consumption coefficient was 1280 m3/t”
Claim · model-written summary
Water consumption was higher under zero tillage, reaching 17%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- zero tillagee1
- Outcome
- water consumptione1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 17%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“With zero tillage, water consumption was higher and reached 17%”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-harvest buckwheat increased water use efficiency under zero tillage by 5.0-10.0%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- post-harvest buckwheate1
- Outcome
- efficiency of water usee1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 5.0–10.0%e1
- Qualifier
- under zero tillagee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“the use of post-harvest buckwheat and phacelia crops increases the efficiency of water use under zero tillage by 5.0–10.0% and 3.0–17.0%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-harvest phacelia increased water use efficiency under zero tillage by 3.0-17.0%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- phacelia cropse1
- Outcome
- efficiency of water usee1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 3.0–17.0%e1
- Qualifier
- under zero tillagee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“water consumption of soybean”
e1“the use of post-harvest buckwheat and phacelia crops increases the efficiency of water use under zero tillage by 5.0–10.0% and 3.0–17.0%, respectively”
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