Abstract
Abstract Crop rotation of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] with grain sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], and application of N fertilizer or manure generally increases grain sorghum yield. Little is known about rotation and fertilization effects on soybean yield in the Great Plains. Grain yields were measured from 1981 to 1987 in a cropping experiment started in 1980 on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam (fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Typic Argiudoll). The cropping treatments included continuous soybean, continuous grain sorghum, and grain sorghum‐soybean rotation. Fertilizer treatments consisted of control, manure (15.8 Mg dry matter ha −1 yr −1 1) and N (45 kg ha −1 for soybean and 90 kg N ha −1 for sorghum). Volumetric soil water content was determined with a neutron probe in 1985, 1986, and 1987. Soil water content was unaffected by fertilizer treatment. Water content in the upper 30 cm was generally greatest with continuous grain sorghum and least with continuous soybean. Soil water depletion to 120 cm in September was 10 to 36 mm greater with soybean than with grain sorghum. Crop rotation increased soybean yield, but N application did not. Manure application reduced soybean yield in 1986, but had no effect in the other years. Rotation and fertilization increased sorghum grain yield. The soybean yield advantage from crop rotation decreased as 1 April to 31 May rainfall increased. Cropping‐system induced differences in soil water content early in the growing season may be partly responsible for higher soybean yield with crop rotation.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer treatment did not affect soil water content.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- fertilizer treatmente0
- Outcome
- Soil water contente0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil water content was unaffected by fertilizer treatment.”
e1“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Upper soil water content was greatest under continuous sorghum.
- Taxon
- grain sorghum
Sorghum bicolore0 - Treatment
- continuous grain sorghume0
- Outcome
- Water content in the upper 30 cme0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Comparator
- continuous soybeane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water content in the upper 30 cm was generally greatest with continuous grain sorghum and least with continuous soybean.”
Claim · model-written summary
Upper soil water content was least under continuous soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- continuous soybeane0
- Outcome
- Water content in the upper 30 cme0
- Direction
- leaste0
- Comparator
- continuous grain sorghume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water content in the upper 30 cm was generally greatest with continuous grain sorghum and least with continuous soybean.”
e1“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean depleted 10 to 36 mm more soil water than sorghum to 120 cm in September.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- Soil water depletione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 10 to 36 mme0
- Qualifier
- to 120 cm in Septembere0
- Comparator
- grain sorghume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil water depletion to 120 cm in September was 10 to 36 mm greater with soybean than with grain sorghum.”
e1“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation increased soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Crop rotatione0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop rotation increased soybean yield”
e1“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application did not increase soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- N applicatione0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- did note0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop rotation increased soybean yield, but N application did not.”
e1“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure reduced soybean yield in 1986.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Manure applicatione0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- 1986e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Manure application reduced soybean yield in 1986”
e1“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure had no effect on soybean yield in other years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Manure applicatione0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- other yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Manure application reduced soybean yield in 1986, but had no effect in the other years.”
e1“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation increased sorghum grain yield.
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotation and fertilization increased sorghum grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization increased sorghum grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotation and fertilization increased sorghum grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
The soybean rotation yield advantage declined as spring rainfall rose.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- soybean yield advantage from crop rotatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- 1 April to 31 May rainfalle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The soybean yield advantage from crop rotation decreased as 1 April to 31 May rainfall increased.”
e1“Soybean”
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