Abstract
Oilseed crops play a vital role in the economy of Pakistan, yet the production of oilseeds is far less than the demand for them. White mustard (Sinapis alba L.) is an emerging crop, that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. It is considered to be an alternative to all other oilseed crops for dry temperate climates. White mustard develops rapidly, and has a large canopy and deep rooting system; hence, it can draw up nutrients from deeper layers. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of nitrogen on S. alba agro-morphological attributes and enhance nutrient use efficiencies. During the Rabi seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21, an experiment was conducted at the University Research Farm, Chakwal Road, Rawalpindi. The study included seven treatments, i.e., T1-Control, T2-20, T3-40, T4-60, T5-80, T6-100, and T7-120 kg·ha−1. Each treatment was replicated three times, and the study utilized a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The results revealed that nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control. Moreover, protein contents and oil contents were significantly increased (5.15% and 6%, respectively), as compared to the control, while glucosinolate content was decreased (4.36%). Similarly, maximum agronomic efficiency (AE), apparent recovery efficiency (ARE) (53%), physiological efficiency (PE), and nutrient use efficiency (NUE) were also improved, as compared to the control. Hence, N application at a concentration of 100 kg·ha−1 can be recommended for S. alba under the present cropping system of Pothwar.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 significantly increased plant height by 47.01% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis alba
Sinapis albat0 - Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 47.01%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 significantly increased primary branches by 41.36% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- primary branchese1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 41.36%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 significantly increased secondary branches by 45.33% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- secondary branchese1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 45.33%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 significantly increased 1000 seed weight by 54.35% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- 1000 seed weighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 54.35%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 significantly increased siliques/plant by 41.57% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- siliques/plante1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 41.57%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 significantly increased seeds/silique by 52.30% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- seeds/siliquee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 52.30%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 significantly increased biological yield by 68.38% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- biological yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 68.38%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 significantly increased seed yield by 54.90% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- seed yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 54.90%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 significantly increased harvest index by 11% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- harvest indexe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 11%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 significantly increased oil yield by 38.84% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- oil yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 38.84%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 significantly increased protein content by 5.15% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- protein contentse3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 5.15%e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
e3“Moreover, protein contents and oil contents were significantly increased (5.15% and 6%, respectively), as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 significantly increased oil content by 6% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- oil contentse3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 6%e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
e3“Moreover, protein contents and oil contents were significantly increased (5.15% and 6%, respectively), as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 decreased glucosinolate content by 4.36% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- glucosinolate contente2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- 4.36%e2
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
e2“while glucosinolate content was decreased (4.36%)”
e3“Moreover, protein contents and oil contents were significantly increased (5.15% and 6%, respectively), as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 improved apparent recovery efficiency of N by 53% compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- apparent recovery efficiency (ARE)e4
- Direction
- improvede4
- Value
- 53%e4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
e4“maximum agronomic efficiency (AE), apparent recovery efficiency (ARE) (53%), physiological efficiency (PE), and nutrient use efficiency (NUE) were also improved, as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 improved maximum agronomic efficiency compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- maximum agronomic efficiency (AE)e4
- Direction
- improvede4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
e4“maximum agronomic efficiency (AE), apparent recovery efficiency (ARE) (53%), physiological efficiency (PE), and nutrient use efficiency (NUE) were also improved, as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 improved physiological efficiency and nutrient use efficiency compared with the control in Sinapis alba.
- Taxon
- Sinapis albaSinapis albat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1e1
- Outcome
- physiological efficiency (PE), and nutrient use efficiency (NUE)e4
- Direction
- improvede4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e1“nitrogen at 100 kg·ha−1 was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control”
e4“maximum agronomic efficiency (AE), apparent recovery efficiency (ARE) (53%), physiological efficiency (PE), and nutrient use efficiency (NUE) were also improved, as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 100 kg·ha−1 nitrogen is recommended for S. alba under the present cropping system of Pothwar.
- Taxon
- S. albaSinapis albae5
- Outcome
- N application at a concentration of 100 kg·ha−1e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of Sinapis alba L.”
e5“Hence, N application at a concentration of 100 kg·ha−1 can be recommended for S. alba under the present cropping system of Pothwar”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.