Abstract
Abstract Tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Genn. can directly, and indirectly damage chili plants by sucking the plant sap and transmitting Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PepYLCIV), respectively. Farmers control PepYLCIV by using synthetic insecticides with 2-3 applications a week to suppress the vector population. The intensive use of insecticide raises concern about potential detrimental effects on the environment and non-target organisms. An alternative control measure for B. tabaci is the use of reduced-risk insecticides that are effective but safer. Thus, the study aimed to determine the effectiveness of various reduced-risk insecticides in reducing the whitefly population and PepYLCIV incidence. This experiment consisted of 12 treatments using insecticides of abamectin, azadiractin, imidacloprid, deltamethrin, spinosad, and water (control), applied once and twice a week. The results showed that the low-risk insecticides had no significant effect on the numbers of adults and nymphs of B. tabaci and the PepYLCIV incidence. Imidacloprid had significantly lower egg number and PepYLCIV incidence than the control and the other insecticide treatments. Our results also showed that B. tabaci populations were low throughout the season but the incidences of PepYLCIV were relatively high. This indicated a possibility that PepYLCIV is seed-borne.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced-risk insecticides had no significant effect on adult and nymph whitefly counts.
- Taxon
- chili plantst0
- Treatment
- low-risk insecticidese0
- Interactor
- B. tabaci
Bemisia tabacie0pest - Outcome
- numbers of adults and nymphs of B. tabacie0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low-risk insecticides had no significant effect on the numbers of adults and nymphs of B. tabaci”
t0“chili plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced-risk insecticides had no significant effect on PepYLCIV incidence.
- Taxon
- chili plantst0
- Treatment
- low-risk insecticidese0
- Interactor
- PepYLCIVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- PepYLCIV incidencee0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“low-risk insecticides had no significant effect on the numbers of adults and nymphs of B. tabaci and the PepYLCIV incidence”
t0“chili plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid significantly lowered whitefly egg numbers versus control and other insecticides.
- Taxon
- chili plantst0
- Treatment
- Imidaclopride0
- Interactor
- Bemisia tabaci Genn.Bemisia tabacit0peste0
- Outcome
- egg numbere0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- the control and the other insecticide treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Imidacloprid had significantly lower egg number and PepYLCIV incidence than the control and the other insecticide treatments”
t0“Bemisia tabaci Genn. and incidence of pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PepYLCIV) on chili plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid significantly lowered PepYLCIV incidence versus control and other insecticides.
Verbatim
e0“Imidacloprid had significantly lower egg number and PepYLCIV incidence than the control and the other insecticide treatments”
t0“chili plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Whitefly populations stayed low throughout the season.
- Taxon
- chili plantst0
- Interactor
- B. tabaciBemisia tabacie0pest
- Outcome
- B. tabaci populationse0
- Direction
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. tabaci populations were low throughout the season”
t0“chili plants”
Claim · model-written summary
PepYLCIV incidence remained relatively high.
Verbatim
e0“incidences of PepYLCIV were relatively high”
t0“chili plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggested PepYLCIV may be seed-borne.
Verbatim
e0“This indicated a possibility that PepYLCIV is seed-borne”
t0“chili plants”
The same questions in other papers
imidacloprid · Bemisia tabaci · Capsicum (peppers)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
imidacloprid · disease · Capsicum (peppers)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
insecticide · disease · Capsicum (peppers)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
insecticide · Bemisia tabaci · Capsicum (peppers)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.