Abstract
We investigated the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with endophytic Bacillus subtilis 10-4 (B. subtilis) on spring and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.; cultivars Ekada-70 (Ek) and Scepter (Sc), respectively) growth and tolerance under 1–24 h of drought stress, modulated by 12% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG). The results showed that drought decreased transpiration intensity (TI), root relative water content (RWC), osmotic potential (Ψπ) of cell sap, and induced proline accumulation and electrolyte leakage (EL) in both wheat cultivars. It was revealed that Sc was more responsive to PEG and B. subtilis treatments than Ek. Under drought, Ek did not significantly change root length, shoot height, or dry biomass. The pretreatment of wheat plants with B. subtilis performed significantly better under drought conditions through the enhanced TI, RWC, and Ψπ of the cell sap in comparison with the plants treated with 12% PEG alone. B. subtilis also reduced stress-caused EL, especially in the Sc cultivar. Under water deficit wheat seedlings, pretreated with B. subtilis, have a higher proline accumulation in comparison to untreated stressed plants. Taken together, our results demonstrate the crucial role of endophytic B. subtilis in ameliorating the adverse effects of water stress on the water balance of both winter and spring wheat cultivars.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Drought decreased transpiration intensity, root relative water content and osmotic potential of cell sap in both wheat cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- droughte1
- Outcome
- transpiration intensity (TI), root relative water content (RWC), osmotic potential (Ψπ) of cell sape1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“drought decreased transpiration intensity (TI), root relative water content (RWC), osmotic potential (Ψπ) of cell sap, and induced proline accumulation and electrolyte leakage (EL) in both wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought induced proline accumulation and electrolyte leakage in both wheat cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- droughte1
- Outcome
- proline accumulation and electrolyte leakage (EL)e1
- Direction
- inducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“drought decreased transpiration intensity (TI), root relative water content (RWC), osmotic potential (Ψπ) of cell sap, and induced proline accumulation and electrolyte leakage (EL) in both wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed pretreatment with B. subtilis reduced stress-caused electrolyte leakage, especially in the Sc cultivar.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- Sce3
- Treatment
- pre-sowing seed treatment with endophytic Bacillus subtilise0
- Interactor
- B. subtilis
Bacillus subtilise3symbiont - Outcome
- stress-caused ELe3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pre-sowing seed treatment with endophytic Bacillus subtilis 10-4 (B. subtilis)”
e1“drought decreased transpiration intensity (TI), root relative water content (RWC), osmotic potential (Ψπ) of cell sap, and induced proline accumulation and electrolyte leakage (EL) in both wheat cultivars”
e3“B. subtilis also reduced stress-caused EL, especially in the Sc cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretreatment of wheat plants with B. subtilis enhanced transpiration intensity, root relative water content and osmotic potential under drought, relative to 12% PEG alone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- pretreatment of wheat plants with B. subtilise2
- Interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise2symbiont
- Outcome
- TI, RWC, and Ψπ of the cell sape2
- Direction
- enhancede2
- Qualifier
- under drought conditionse2
- Comparator
- plants treated with 12% PEG alonee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The pretreatment of wheat plants with B. subtilis performed significantly better under drought conditions through the enhanced TI, RWC, and Ψπ of the cell sap in comparison with the plants treated with 12% PEG alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretreatment with B. subtilis raised proline accumulation in water-deficit wheat seedlings relative to untreated stressed plants.
- Taxon
- wheat seedlingsTriticum aestivume4
- Treatment
- pretreated with B. subtilise4
- Interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise4symbiont
- Outcome
- proline accumulatione4
- Direction
- highere4
- Comparator
- untreated stressed plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Under water deficit wheat seedlings, pretreated with B. subtilis, have a higher proline accumulation in comparison to untreated stressed plants”
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