Abstract
Piper longum L. (Piperaceae family), commonly known as long pepper, is used in traditional medicine and in recognized system of medicine in India for the treatment of inflammation, pain, epilepsy, arthritis, cancer, ulcer, and asthma in addition to pest control activity. Its fruits are rich in essential oil and possess different biological activities, but oil is not much explored against the root-knot nematodes. Thus, the essential oil from the fruits of P. longum was isolated by hydrodistillation method and analyzed by Gas chromatography-Flame ionisation detector and Mass spectrometry. Analysis showed that the oil is a complex mixture of volatile compounds. (Z)-β-Farnesene (25.08%), β-Caryophyllene (13.57%), α-Humulene (13.37%), 8-Heptadecene (9.28%), Heptadecane (7.07%), α-Patchoulene (5.44%), 3-Heptadecene (5.09%), γ-Elemene (4.37%), β-Humulene (3.69%) and Terpinen-4-ol (1.74%) were identified as main compounds in its oil. The essential oil was evaluated for its nematicidal activity against root-knot nematode at 62.5–1000 ppm concentrations in vitro conditions during 2020–21 at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi. Results showed promising nematicidal activity of the oil and have caused mortality of juvenile (J2), ranging from 2.33–88.0% after 24–96 hours of treatment compared to untreated control. The oil was further evaluated under the pot conditions in tomato (Solanum lycopercicum L.) (var. Pusa Ruby) at 3000 and 2000 ppm. Results showed a significant reduction in the number of galls/root of tomato with better plant growth in the essential oil based treatment as compared to the untreated control. These results suggest that the oil can be used for the development of nematicidal product for the protection of crops from the infestation of M. incognita.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Piper longum oil was a complex mixture of volatile compounds.
- Taxon
- Piper longum L.
Piper longume0 - Outcome
- complex mixture of volatile compoundse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piper longum L. (Piperaceae family)”
e1“Analysis showed that the oil is a complex mixture of volatile compounds.”
Claim · model-written summary
(Z)-β-Farnesene comprised 25.08% of Piper longum oil.
- Taxon
- Piper longum L.Piper longume0
- Outcome
- (Z)-β-Farnesenee1
- Value
- 25.08%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piper longum L. (Piperaceae family)”
e1“(Z)-β-Farnesene (25.08%)”
Claim · model-written summary
β-Caryophyllene comprised 13.57% of Piper longum oil.
- Taxon
- Piper longum L.Piper longume0
- Outcome
- β-Caryophyllenee1
- Value
- 13.57%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piper longum L. (Piperaceae family)”
e1“β-Caryophyllene (13.57%)”
Claim · model-written summary
α-Humulene comprised 13.37% of Piper longum oil.
- Taxon
- Piper longum L.Piper longume0
- Outcome
- α-Humulenee1
- Value
- 13.37%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piper longum L. (Piperaceae family)”
e1“α-Humulene (13.37%)”
Claim · model-written summary
8-Heptadecene comprised 9.28% of Piper longum oil.
- Taxon
- Piper longum L.Piper longume0
- Outcome
- 8-Heptadecenee1
- Value
- 9.28%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piper longum L. (Piperaceae family)”
e1“8-Heptadecene (9.28%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heptadecane comprised 7.07% of Piper longum oil.
- Taxon
- Piper longum L.Piper longume0
- Outcome
- Heptadecanee1
- Value
- 7.07%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piper longum L. (Piperaceae family)”
e1“Heptadecane (7.07%)”
Claim · model-written summary
α-Patchoulene comprised 5.44% of Piper longum oil.
- Taxon
- Piper longum L.Piper longume0
- Outcome
- α-Patchoulenee1
- Value
- 5.44%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piper longum L. (Piperaceae family)”
e1“α-Patchoulene (5.44%)”
Claim · model-written summary
3-Heptadecene comprised 5.09% of Piper longum oil.
- Taxon
- Piper longum L.Piper longume0
- Outcome
- 3-Heptadecenee1
- Value
- 5.09%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piper longum L. (Piperaceae family)”
e1“3-Heptadecene (5.09%)”
Claim · model-written summary
γ-Elemene comprised 4.37% of Piper longum oil.
- Taxon
- Piper longum L.Piper longume0
- Outcome
- γ-Elemenee1
- Value
- 4.37%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piper longum L. (Piperaceae family)”
e1“γ-Elemene (4.37%)”
Claim · model-written summary
β-Humulene comprised 3.69% of Piper longum oil.
- Taxon
- Piper longum L.Piper longume0
- Outcome
- β-Humulenee1
- Value
- 3.69%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piper longum L. (Piperaceae family)”
e1“β-Humulene (3.69%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Terpinen-4-ol comprised 1.74% of Piper longum oil.
- Taxon
- Piper longum L.Piper longume0
- Outcome
- Terpinen-4-ole1
- Value
- 1.74%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piper longum L. (Piperaceae family)”
e1“Terpinen-4-ol (1.74%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Piper longum oil caused juvenile root-knot nematode mortality of 2.33–88.0% after 24–96 hours in vitro compared with untreated control.
- Taxon
- Piper longumPiper longumt0
- Treatment
- The essential oile0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematode
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogynee0pest - Outcome
- mortality of juvenile (J2)e1
- Direction
- causede1
- Value
- 2.33–88.0%e1
- Qualifier
- after 24–96 hourse1
- Comparator
- untreated controle1
- Setting
- in vitro conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Piper longum”
e0“The essential oil was evaluated for its nematicidal activity against root-knot nematode at 62.5–1000 ppm concentrations in vitro conditions during 2020–21 at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi.”
e1“Results showed promising nematicidal activity of the oil and have caused mortality of juvenile (J2), ranging from 2.33–88.0% after 24–96 hours of treatment compared to untreated control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Piper longum oil significantly reduced gall number per tomato root relative to untreated control in pots.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0e1 - Material
- var. Pusa Rubye0
- Treatment
- essential oil based treatmente1
- Interactor
- M. incognitae2pest
- Outcome
- number of galls/root of tomatoe1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Comparator
- untreated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopercicum L.) (var. Pusa Ruby) at 3000 and 2000 ppm.”
e1“Results showed a significant reduction in the number of galls/root of tomato with better plant growth in the essential oil based treatment as compared to the untreated control.”
e2“infestation of M. incognita”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato growth was better under the essential oil treatment than untreated control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0e1
- Material
- var. Pusa Rubye0
- Treatment
- essential oil based treatmente1
- Interactor
- M. incognitae2pest
- Outcome
- plant growthe1
- Direction
- bettere1
- Comparator
- untreated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopercicum L.) (var. Pusa Ruby) at 3000 and 2000 ppm.”
e1“Results showed a significant reduction in the number of galls/root of tomato with better plant growth in the essential oil based treatment as compared to the untreated control.”
e2“infestation of M. incognita”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest Piper longum oil for development of a nematicidal crop-protection product.
- Taxon
- Piper longumPiper longumt0
- Interactor
- M. incognitae0pest
- Outcome
- development of nematicidal product for the protection of cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Piper longum”
e0“These results suggest that the oil can be used for the development of nematicidal product for the protection of crops from the infestation of M. incognita.”
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See all 291 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.