Abstract
Abstract Modification in the light environment can induce several changes even within a short time. In this article, light intensity and spectrum‐dependent changes in photosynthetic and metabolic processes were investigated in spinach leaves. Short‐term exposure of the youngest fully developed leaves provided an elevated CO 2 assimilation capacity under red light compared with blue or white light, although the electron transport rate was lower. The stomatal opening was mainly stimulated by blue light. These spectrum‐induced changes also depended on light intensity. When white light was used to activate the photosynthesis, the white light showed a similar light response to blue light regarding the electron transport processes and red light in terms of stomatal opening. In contrast, concerning CO 2 assimilation characteristics, the white light resembled blue light at low and red light at high light intensities. These results indicate that the photosynthetic processes strongly interact with the light intensity and spectral composition. Furthermore, changes in spectral composition modified the primary metabolic processes as well. Red light induced the sugar accumulation, while more organic acids that belong to the respiration pathway were produced under blue and white lights. These changes occurred even within a short (30 min) time frame. These results also draw attention to the importance of the light environment used during the measurements of the photosynthetic activity of plants and/or sample collections.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Red light gave spinach leaves an elevated CO2 assimilation capacity compared with blue or white light
- Taxon
- spinach
Spinacia oleraceae0 - Organ / stage
- youngest fully developed leavese1
- Treatment
- red lighte1
- Outcome
- CO 2 assimilation capacitye1
- Direction
- elevatede1
- Comparator
- blue or white lighte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“investigated in spinach leaves”
e1“Short‐term exposure of the youngest fully developed leaves provided an elevated CO 2 assimilation capacity under red light compared with blue or white light, although the electron transport rate was lower”
Claim · model-written summary
Under red light the electron transport rate of spinach leaves was lower than under blue or white light
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Organ / stage
- youngest fully developed leavese1
- Treatment
- red lighte1
- Outcome
- electron transport ratee1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- blue or white lighte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“investigated in spinach leaves”
e1“Short‐term exposure of the youngest fully developed leaves provided an elevated CO 2 assimilation capacity under red light compared with blue or white light, although the electron transport rate was lower”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light mainly stimulated stomatal opening in spinach leaves
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- blue lighte2
- Outcome
- stomatal openinge2
- Direction
- stimulatede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“investigated in spinach leaves”
e2“The stomatal opening was mainly stimulated by blue light”
Claim · model-written summary
White light gave an electron transport response similar to blue light in spinach leaves
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- white lighte3
- Outcome
- electron transport processese3
- Direction
- similare3
- Comparator
- blue lighte3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“investigated in spinach leaves”
e3“the white light showed a similar light response to blue light regarding the electron transport processes and red light in terms of stomatal opening”
Claim · model-written summary
White light gave a stomatal opening response similar to red light in spinach leaves
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- white lighte3
- Outcome
- stomatal openinge3
- Direction
- similare3
- Comparator
- red lighte3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“investigated in spinach leaves”
e3“the white light showed a similar light response to blue light regarding the electron transport processes and red light in terms of stomatal opening”
Claim · model-written summary
At low light intensity, white light resembled blue light in CO2 assimilation characteristics of spinach
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- white lighte4
- Outcome
- CO 2 assimilation characteristicse4
- Direction
- resemblede4
- Qualifier
- at lowe4
- Comparator
- blue lighte4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“investigated in spinach leaves”
e4“In contrast, concerning CO 2 assimilation characteristics, the white light resembled blue light at low and red light at high light intensities”
Claim · model-written summary
At high light intensity, white light resembled red light in CO2 assimilation characteristics of spinach
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- white lighte4
- Outcome
- CO 2 assimilation characteristicse4
- Direction
- resemblede4
- Qualifier
- at high light intensitiese4
- Comparator
- red lighte4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“investigated in spinach leaves”
e4“In contrast, concerning CO 2 assimilation characteristics, the white light resembled blue light at low and red light at high light intensities”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light induced sugar accumulation in spinach leaves
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- Red lighte5
- Outcome
- sugar accumulatione5
- Direction
- inducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“investigated in spinach leaves”
e5“Red light induced the sugar accumulation, while more organic acids that belong to the respiration pathway were produced under blue and white lights”
Claim · model-written summary
More organic acids of the respiration pathway were produced in spinach leaves under blue and white light than under red light
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- blue and white lightse5
- Outcome
- organic acidse5
- Direction
- moree5
- Qualifier
- belong to the respiration pathwaye5
- Comparator
- Red lighte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“investigated in spinach leaves”
e5“Red light induced the sugar accumulation, while more organic acids that belong to the respiration pathway were produced under blue and white lights”
The same questions in other papers
light · physiology: gas exchange · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results
2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
light · physiology: photosynthesis · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
24 papers more in this group
See all 28 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.