Abstract
Patchouli Alcohol (PA) is one of the major active constituents in Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth plant (P. cablin). The geographical, seasonal and environmental variations contribute to the fluctuation in oil content and quality. The plant cell culture technique has emerged as a substitute method for the production of essential oil. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) on the growth and production of PA in vitro plantlets, callus as well as cell suspension cultures of P. cablin. Plantlets of P. cablin were successfully obtained by inoculating leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with α-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA; 0.1 mg/L) and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP; 0.5 mg/L) as shooting hormones. Meanwhile, NAA (0.5 mg/L) was combined with activated charcoal (5 g/L) for rooting hormones. The effects of different types of auxin [Picloram, 2, 4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and NAA] were investigated in order to determine the most suitable callus induction and maintenance medium. The best callus induction response was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L picloram in which, a healthy and friable callus was acquired in 21 days of culture. Callus was successfully maintained in MS medium added with a reduced concentration of picloram (1 mg/L). The results on the effect of PGRs in the cell suspension cultures of P. cablin indicated that picloram (1 mg/L) was the best growth hormone in initiating P. cablin cell suspension cultures in the dark condition. A higher dry cell weight (0.50 ± 0.03 g/20 mL) was produced in 15 days compared to the other PGRs used. Quantification of PA using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector confirmed that maximum yield of PA was obtained from the leaves of P. cablin plantlets (61.12 ± 1.39 mg/L), callus cultures (37.39 ± 1.19 mg/L) and cell suspension cultures (34.39 ± 1.26 mg/L). This study shows that picloram was the most suitable PGR for the growth of callus and cell suspension cultures as well as the production of PA.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf explants produced plantlets on MS medium with NAA and BAP.
- Taxon
- P. cablin
Pogostemon cabline0 - Organ / stage
- leaf explantse0
- Treatment
- Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with α-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA; 0.1 mg/L) and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP; 0.5 mg/L)e0
- Outcome
- Plantletse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plantlets of P. cablin were successfully obtained by inoculating leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with α-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA; 0.1 mg/L) and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP; 0.5 mg/L) as shooting hormones.”
Claim · model-written summary
MS medium with 3 mg/L picloram gave the best callus induction response and friable callus after 21 days.
- Taxon
- Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) BENTHPogostemon cablint0
- Organ / stage
- calluse0
- Treatment
- MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L piclorame0
- Outcome
- callus induction responsee0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 21 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The best callus induction response was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L picloram in which, a healthy and friable callus was acquired in 21 days of culture.”
t0“Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) BENTH”
Claim · model-written summary
Callus was maintained with 1 mg/L picloram.
- Taxon
- Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) BENTHPogostemon cablint0
- Treatment
- MS medium added with a reduced concentration of picloram (1 mg/L)e0
- Outcome
- Callus was successfully maintainede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Callus was successfully maintained in MS medium added with a reduced concentration of picloram (1 mg/L).”
t0“Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) BENTH”
Claim · model-written summary
Picloram at 1 mg/L was best for initiating cell suspension cultures in darkness.
- Taxon
- P. cablinPogostemon cabline0
- Treatment
- picloram (1 mg/L)e0
- Outcome
- initiating P. cablin cell suspension culturese0
- Direction
- beste0
- Setting
- dark conditione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“picloram (1 mg/L) was the best growth hormone in initiating P. cablin cell suspension cultures in the dark condition.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell dry weight reached 0.50 ± 0.03 g/20 mL in 15 days, higher than with other PGRs.
- Taxon
- Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) BENTHPogostemon cablint0
- Outcome
- dry cell weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 0.50 ± 0.03 g/20 mLe0
- Qualifier
- 15 dayse0
- Comparator
- the other PGRs usede0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A higher dry cell weight (0.50 ± 0.03 g/20 mL) was produced in 15 days compared to the other PGRs used.”
t0“Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) BENTH”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaves of plantlets yielded 61.12 ± 1.39 mg/L patchouli alcohol.
- Taxon
- P. cablinPogostemon cabline0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- yield of PAe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 61.12 ± 1.39 mg/Le0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum yield of PA was obtained from the leaves of P. cablin plantlets (61.12 ± 1.39 mg/L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Callus cultures yielded 37.39 ± 1.19 mg/L patchouli alcohol.
- Taxon
- Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) BENTHPogostemon cablint0
- Outcome
- callus culturese0
- Value
- 37.39 ± 1.19 mg/Le0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“callus cultures (37.39 ± 1.19 mg/L)”
t0“Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) BENTH”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell suspension cultures yielded 34.39 ± 1.26 mg/L patchouli alcohol.
- Taxon
- Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) BENTHPogostemon cablint0
- Outcome
- cell suspension culturese0
- Value
- 34.39 ± 1.26 mg/Le0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cell suspension cultures (34.39 ± 1.26 mg/L)”
t0“Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) BENTH”
The same questions in other papers
in vitro · growth · Pogostemon cablin (patchouli)Results agree
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