Abstract
Mixed infection between two or more begomoviruses is commonly found in tomato fields and can affect disease outcomes by increasing symptom severity and viral accumulation compared with single infection. Viruses that affect tomato include tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) and tomato rugose mosaic virus (ToRMV). Previous work showed that in mixed infection, ToRMV negatively affects the infectivity and accumulation of ToSRV. ToSRV and ToRMV share a high degree of sequence identity, including cis-elements in the common region (CR) and their specific recognition sites (iteron-related domain, IRD) within the Rep gene. Here, we investigated if divergent sites in the CR and IRD are involved in the interaction between these two begomoviruses. ToSRV clones were constructed containing the same nucleotides as ToRMV in the CR (ToSRV-A(ToR:CR)), IRD (ToSRV-A(ToR:IRD)) and in both regions (ToSRV-A(ToR:CR+IRD)). When plants were co-inoculated with ToRMV and ToSRV-A(ToR:IRD), the infectivity and accumulation of ToSRV were negatively affected. In mixed inoculation of ToRMV with ToSRV-A(ToR:CR), high infectivity of both viruses and high DNA accumulation of ToSRV-A(ToR:CR) were observed. A decrease in viral accumulation was observed in plants inoculated with ToSRV-A(ToR:CR+IRD). These results indicate that differences in the CR, but not the IRD, are responsible for the negative interference of ToRMV on ToSRV.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
In tomato co-inoculated with ToRMV and ToSRV-A(ToR:IRD), ToSRV infectivity and accumulation were negatively affected.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- co-inoculated with ToRMV and ToSRV-A(ToR:IRD)e2
- Interactor
- ToSRVe2pathogen
- Second interactor
- ToRMVe2pathogen
- Outcome
- infectivity and accumulation of ToSRVe2
- Direction
- negatively affectede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Viruses that affect tomato include tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) and tomato rugose mosaic virus (ToRMV)”
e2“When plants were co-inoculated with ToRMV and ToSRV-A(ToR:IRD), the infectivity and accumulation of ToSRV were negatively affected”
Claim · model-written summary
In tomato mixed inoculation of ToRMV with ToSRV-A(ToR:CR) gave high infectivity of both viruses and high ToSRV-A(ToR:CR) DNA accumulation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- mixed inoculation of ToRMV with ToSRV-A(ToR:CR)e3
- Interactor
- ToSRVe3pathogen
- Second interactor
- ToRMVe3pathogen
- Outcome
- infectivity of both virusese3
- Direction
- highe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Viruses that affect tomato include tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) and tomato rugose mosaic virus (ToRMV)”
e3“In mixed inoculation of ToRMV with ToSRV-A(ToR:CR), high infectivity of both viruses and high DNA accumulation of ToSRV-A(ToR:CR) were observed”
Claim · model-written summary
In tomato, ToSRV-A(ToR:CR+IRD) inoculation decreased viral accumulation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- plants inoculated with ToSRV-A(ToR:CR+IRD)e4
- Interactor
- ToSRVe4pathogen
- Outcome
- viral accumulatione4
- Direction
- decreasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Viruses that affect tomato include tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) and tomato rugose mosaic virus (ToRMV)”
e4“A decrease in viral accumulation was observed in plants inoculated with ToSRV-A(ToR:CR+IRD)”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences in the common region, not the IRD, are responsible for the negative interference of ToRMV on ToSRV in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- ToRMVe5pathogen
- Second interactor
- ToSRVe5pathogen
- Outcome
- negative interferencee5
- Qualifier
- differences in the CRe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Viruses that affect tomato include tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) and tomato rugose mosaic virus (ToRMV)”
e5“These results indicate that differences in the CR, but not the IRD, are responsible for the negative interference of ToRMV on ToSRV”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
135 papers in the same direction as this paper · 128 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
262 papers more in this group
See all 266 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.