Abstract
The research was conducted following a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to investigate the effects of seed priming using various chemical treatments on the germination and growth parameters of two rice cultivars, BRRI Dhan-66 and IR 80991-B-330-U-1. Ten different priming agents, including H 3 BO 3 , CaCO 3 , CuSO 4 , DAP, FeCl 2 , MoP, PEG (5 %), PEG (10 %), Urea, and ZnSO 4 , were applied to treat the seeds, each treatment being replicated three times. A control group underwent hydro-priming. The seeds were soaked in the treatments for 24 h. After the priming treatments, the seeds were subjected to a redrying process at a temperature of 26 ± 2 °C until they regained their original weight before being transplanted onto blotting paper. Germination parameters such as germination percentage, germination speed, germination energy, and vigor index were recorded for seven consecutive days. Growth parameters including root length, shoot length, fresh seedling weight, and dry seedling weight were measured at 10, 20, and 30 days after sowing. The results indicate significant variations among the treatments for germination parameters (p ≤ 0.001). Similarly, significant variations were observed in growth parameters, including shoot length, fresh weight, and dry weight (p ≤ 0.001). Among the rice varieties, BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight (0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g). In contrast, the FeCl 2 treatment showed the best results, inducing respective increases of 25.19 %, 93.35 %, 94.95 %, and 29.07 % for germination percentage, speed, energy, and vigor index compared to the control, respectively. For growth parameters, the DAP and CuSO 4 treatments demonstrated better results. Our findings highlight that improved germination of primed rice seedlings is associated with germination energy, speed, vigor index, and the fresh weight of the seedlings. Furthermore, Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed there is significant positive correlation between germination percentage, speed, energy and vigor index but the strongest correlation exists between germination speed and germination energy (R = 0.94***) followed by germination percentage and vigor index (R = 0.92***). Based on our findings, we propose that seed priming significantly enhances rice seedlings' germination and growth parameters. BRRI Dhan-66, along with seed treatment using FeCl 2 , can be effectively employed to achieve improved germination and growth in rice cultivation.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Germination parameters varied significantly among priming treatments.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- significant variations among the treatments for germination parameters (p ≤ 0.001)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant variations among the treatments for germination parameters (p ≤ 0.001)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight varied significantly among treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- significant variations were observed in growth parameters, including shoot length, fresh weight, and dry weight (p ≤ 0.001)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant variations were observed in growth parameters, including shoot length, fresh weight, and dry weight (p ≤ 0.001)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
BRRI Dhan-66 had the reported germination percentage.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- BRRI Dhan-66e0
- Outcome
- BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight (0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g).e0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 81.58 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight (0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g).”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
BRRI Dhan-66 had the reported germination speed.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- BRRI Dhan-66e0
- Outcome
- BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight (0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g).e0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 62.78 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight (0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g).”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
BRRI Dhan-66 had the reported germination energy.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- BRRI Dhan-66e0
- Outcome
- BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight (0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g).e0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 52.06 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight (0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g).”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
BRRI Dhan-66 had the reported vigor index.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- BRRI Dhan-66e0
- Outcome
- BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight (0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g).e0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 1312e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight (0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g).”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
BRRI Dhan-66 had the reported fresh weight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- BRRI Dhan-66e0
- Outcome
- BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight (0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g).e0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 0.807ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight (0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g).”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
BRRI Dhan-66 had the reported dry weight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- BRRI Dhan-66e0
- Outcome
- BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight (0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g).e0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 0.053ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BRRI Dhan-66 exhibited better results for germination percentage (81.58 %), germination speed (62.78 %), germination energy (52.06 %), vigor index (1312), fresh weight (0.807g), and dry weight of seedlings (0.053g).”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
FeCl 2 increased germination percentage relative to control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FeCl 2 treatmente0
- Outcome
- the FeCl 2 treatment showed the best results, inducing respective increases of 25.19 %, 93.35 %, 94.95 %, and 29.07 % for germination percentage, speed, energy, and vigor index compared to the control, respectively.e0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 25.19 %e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the FeCl 2 treatment showed the best results, inducing respective increases of 25.19 %, 93.35 %, 94.95 %, and 29.07 % for germination percentage, speed, energy, and vigor index compared to the control, respectively.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
FeCl 2 increased speed relative to control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FeCl 2 treatmente0
- Outcome
- the FeCl 2 treatment showed the best results, inducing respective increases of 25.19 %, 93.35 %, 94.95 %, and 29.07 % for germination percentage, speed, energy, and vigor index compared to the control, respectively.e0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 93.35 %e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the FeCl 2 treatment showed the best results, inducing respective increases of 25.19 %, 93.35 %, 94.95 %, and 29.07 % for germination percentage, speed, energy, and vigor index compared to the control, respectively.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
FeCl 2 increased energy relative to control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FeCl 2 treatmente0
- Outcome
- the FeCl 2 treatment showed the best results, inducing respective increases of 25.19 %, 93.35 %, 94.95 %, and 29.07 % for germination percentage, speed, energy, and vigor index compared to the control, respectively.e0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 94.95 %e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the FeCl 2 treatment showed the best results, inducing respective increases of 25.19 %, 93.35 %, 94.95 %, and 29.07 % for germination percentage, speed, energy, and vigor index compared to the control, respectively.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
FeCl 2 increased vigor index relative to control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FeCl 2 treatmente0
- Outcome
- the FeCl 2 treatment showed the best results, inducing respective increases of 25.19 %, 93.35 %, 94.95 %, and 29.07 % for germination percentage, speed, energy, and vigor index compared to the control, respectively.e0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 29.07 %e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the FeCl 2 treatment showed the best results, inducing respective increases of 25.19 %, 93.35 %, 94.95 %, and 29.07 % for germination percentage, speed, energy, and vigor index compared to the control, respectively.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
DAP gave better growth parameters.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- DAPe0
- Outcome
- For growth parameters, the DAP and CuSO 4 treatments demonstrated better results.e0
- Direction
- bettere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For growth parameters, the DAP and CuSO 4 treatments demonstrated better results.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
CuSO 4 gave better growth parameters.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- CuSO 4e0
- Outcome
- For growth parameters, the DAP and CuSO 4 treatments demonstrated better results.e0
- Direction
- bettere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For growth parameters, the DAP and CuSO 4 treatments demonstrated better results.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination speed and energy had the strongest positive correlation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- the strongest correlation exists between germination speed and germination energy (R = 0.94***)e0
- Value
- R = 0.94***e0
Not reportedOrgan / stageDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the strongest correlation exists between germination speed and germination energy (R = 0.94***)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination percentage and vigor index were positively correlated.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- followed by germination percentage and vigor index (R = 0.92***)e0
- Value
- R = 0.92***e0
Not reportedOrgan / stageDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by germination percentage and vigor index (R = 0.92***)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
The same questions in other papers
copper(II) sulfate · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.