Abstract
The data on the effectiveness of using chemical, fungal and bacterial fungicides to treat seeds and crops of spring soft wheat in order to limit harmfulness of major diseases are presented. The research was conducted in 2020–2022 on chernozem leached forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk region Priobye. Chemical seed protectant Scarlet and its mixture with Vitaplan were the most effective dressers in the fight against root rots. It has been demonstrated that although biopreparations are inferior in efficiency to chemical ones, they act for a longer period of time and protect the plant from the disease for a longer period of time. Seed dressing with chemical preparation reduced the development of leaf diseases by 53–58%, and with biopreparations – by 34–41%. Titul 390 was the most effective of the vegetation treatments – 60–98%. The efficiency of the biopreparations was 42–64% in the years of moderate disease development. In the years of strong development of septoriosis or powdery mildew, the efficiency of biopreparations did not exceed 22–30%. The biological preparations had a growth-stimulating effect on the plants: they increased the flag leaf area by 22–39%. The seed treatment showed an increasing trend in the number of spikelets, grains per ear and grain weight per ear. Application of the preparations during the vegetation period increased reliably the ear length by 16–28%, the number of spikelets – by 15–20, grains – by 24–31, grain weight per ear – by 33–51%. At seed dressing the greatest increase in the yield (0.15 t/ha) was provided by Scarlet, when using a mixture of biological and chemical preparations it amounted to 0.11 t/ha. When treated during the growing season, chemical fungicide increased the yield by 0.33 t/ha, while biopreparations increased the yield by 0.11–0.14 t/ha. Complex use of chemical preparations (Scarlet + Titul 390) provided the maximum yield increase – 0.62 t/ha, from the joint use of chemical and biological preparation the yield increased by 0.15–0.33 t/ha. The biological preparations increased this indicator by 0.13–0.23 t/ha. It has been concluded that it is possible to select combinations of chemical and biological preparations that can control phytosanitary situation and provide acceptable yield.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Scarlet was among the most effective seed dressers against root rots.
- Taxon
- spring wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Scarlete0
- Outcome
- fight against root rotse0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chemical seed protectant Scarlet and its mixture with Vitaplan were the most effective dressers in the fight against root rots.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Scarlet with Vitaplan was among the most effective seed dressers against root rots.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- mixture with Vitaplane0
- Outcome
- fight against root rotse0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chemical seed protectant Scarlet and its mixture with Vitaplan were the most effective dressers in the fight against root rots.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Biopreparations were less efficient than chemical treatments but protected plants for longer.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biopreparationse0
- Outcome
- efficiencye0
- Direction
- inferiore0
- Comparator
- chemical onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“although biopreparations are inferior in efficiency to chemical ones, they act for a longer period of time and protect the plant from the disease for a longer period of time.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical seed dressing reduced leaf disease development by 53–58%.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Seed dressing with chemical preparatione0
- Outcome
- development of leaf diseasese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 53–58%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed dressing with chemical preparation reduced the development of leaf diseases by 53–58%, and with biopreparations – by 34–41%.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Biopreparation seed dressing reduced leaf disease development by 34–41%.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biopreparationse0
- Outcome
- development of leaf diseasese0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 34–41%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed dressing with chemical preparation reduced the development of leaf diseases by 53–58%, and with biopreparations – by 34–41%.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Titul 390 vegetation treatment was most effective, at 60–98%.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Titul 390e0
- Outcome
- most effectivee0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
- Value
- 60–98%e0
- Comparator
- vegetation treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Titul 390 was the most effective of the vegetation treatments – 60–98%.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Biopreparation efficacy was 42–64% in years of moderate disease.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biopreparationse0
- Outcome
- efficiencye0
- Value
- 42–64%e0
- Qualifier
- years of moderate disease developmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The efficiency of the biopreparations was 42–64% in the years of moderate disease development.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Biopreparation efficacy did not exceed 22–30% in years of severe septoriosis or powdery mildew.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biopreparationse0
- Outcome
- efficiencye0
- Direction
- did not exceede0
- Value
- 22–30%e0
- Qualifier
- strong development of septoriosis or powdery mildewe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the years of strong development of septoriosis or powdery mildew, the efficiency of biopreparations did not exceed 22–30%.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Biological preparations increased flag leaf area by 22–39%.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- flag leafe0
- Treatment
- biological preparationse0
- Outcome
- flag leaf areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 22–39%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The biological preparations had a growth-stimulating effect on the plants: they increased the flag leaf area by 22–39%.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment showed an increasing trend in spikelets, grains per ear and grain weight per ear.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- seed treatmente0
- Outcome
- number of spikelets, grains per ear and grain weight per eare0
- Direction
- increasing trende0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The seed treatment showed an increasing trend in the number of spikelets, grains per ear and grain weight per ear.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetation-period applications increased ear length by 16–28%.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Application of the preparations during the vegetation periode0
- Outcome
- ear lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 16–28%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of the preparations during the vegetation period increased reliably the ear length by 16–28%, the number of spikelets – by 15–20, grains – by 24–31, grain weight per ear – by 33–51%.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetation-period applications increased spikelet number by 15–20.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Application of the preparations during the vegetation periode0
- Outcome
- number of spikeletse0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 15–20e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of the preparations during the vegetation period increased reliably the ear length by 16–28%, the number of spikelets – by 15–20, grains – by 24–31, grain weight per ear – by 33–51%.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetation-period applications increased grain number by 24–31.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Application of the preparations during the vegetation periode0
- Outcome
- grainse0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 24–31e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of the preparations during the vegetation period increased reliably the ear length by 16–28%, the number of spikelets – by 15–20, grains – by 24–31, grain weight per ear – by 33–51%.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetation-period applications increased grain weight per ear by 33–51%.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Application of the preparations during the vegetation periode0
- Outcome
- grain weight per eare0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 33–51%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of the preparations during the vegetation period increased reliably the ear length by 16–28%, the number of spikelets – by 15–20, grains – by 24–31, grain weight per ear – by 33–51%.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Scarlet seed dressing increased yield by 0.15 t/ha.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Scarlete0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- greatest increasee0
- Value
- 0.15 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At seed dressing the greatest increase in the yield (0.15 t/ha) was provided by Scarlet, when using a mixture of biological and chemical preparations it amounted to 0.11 t/ha.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
A biological and chemical seed-dressing mixture increased yield by 0.11 t/ha.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- mixture of biological and chemical preparationse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 0.11 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At seed dressing the greatest increase in the yield (0.15 t/ha) was provided by Scarlet, when using a mixture of biological and chemical preparations it amounted to 0.11 t/ha.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical fungicide during the growing season increased yield by 0.33 t/ha.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- chemical fungicidee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.33 t/hae0
- Qualifier
- during the growing seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When treated during the growing season, chemical fungicide increased the yield by 0.33 t/ha, while biopreparations increased the yield by 0.11–0.14 t/ha.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Biopreparations during the growing season increased yield by 0.11–0.14 t/ha.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biopreparationse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.11–0.14 t/hae0
- Qualifier
- during the growing seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When treated during the growing season, chemical fungicide increased the yield by 0.33 t/ha, while biopreparations increased the yield by 0.11–0.14 t/ha.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Scarlet plus Titul 390 produced the maximum yield increase of 0.62 t/ha.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Scarlet + Titul 390e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- maximum yield increasee0
- Value
- 0.62 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Complex use of chemical preparations (Scarlet + Titul 390) provided the maximum yield increase – 0.62 t/ha, from the joint use of chemical and biological preparation the yield increased by 0.15–0.33 t/ha.”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Joint chemical and biological use increased yield by 0.15–0.33 t/ha.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- joint use of chemical and biological preparatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.15–0.33 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“from the joint use of chemical and biological preparation the yield increased by 0.15–0.33 t/ha. The biological preparations increased this indicator by 0.13–0.23 t/ha.”
t0“spring wheat”
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