Abstract
The storage fungi damage the grains in several ways; they reduce the germination capacity, produce undesirable odor and kernel discoloration, decrease the food value, and also produce toxins that are injurious to the health of consumers. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the presence, and determine the identity, and incidences of major fungal pathogens associated with crop seeds. Totally fifty-eight seed samples of nine crops were used to investigate the presence and incidence of fungi associated with them in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. Results of the study revealed that a total of 9 fungi belonging to 8 genera viz. Penicillium sp., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Bipolaris sp., Botrytis sp., Alternaria sp., Ascochyta sp., Fusarium oxysporum, and Rhizopus sp. were isolated from samples. The infection percentage varied from 0-100% in samples of seed multiplication store. Most varieties of crops showed 100% infection followed by 97.5% (HB1307 of barley and Alidoro of wheat), 95% (Kingbird of wheat and RIB13/14 of nug), 90% (Kuncho of teff), 50% (Holetta-1 11/12 of gomenzer), 20% (Ginchi-1 11/12 of nug and Yellow Dodola15/16 of gomenzer), 10% (Shambu 17/18 of oat), and 5% (Shambu 11/12 of oat, S-67 17/18 of gomenzer and Fogera 10/11 of nug) except linseed samples 0%. In general, seed-borne fungi were present in most seed samples of cereals, oils, and legume crops. Some of the identified fungi are potential producers of mycotoxins, thus their presence is important in terms of reduced food safety for humans and animals. In addition, some seed-borne fungi were also the causal agents of diseases of the roots, stems, and leaves of crops. Fungal incidence of seed was highly associated with storage conditions of the independent variables, such as temperature and relative humidity of storage. So, it is suggested that the management of fungal growth, mycotoxin production, and fungal contamination incidence of seed should be investigated and confirmed with additional studies.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
A total of 9 fungi belonging to 8 genera were isolated from crop seed samples.
- Taxon
- Seeds of Some Cropst0
- Interactor
- Penicillium sp., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger
Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus niger
Penicillium sp.e1pathogen - Outcome
- fungie1
- Value
- 9 fungie1
- Qualifier
- belonging to 8 generae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a total of 9 fungi belonging to 8 genera viz. Penicillium sp., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Bipolaris sp., Botrytis sp., Alternaria sp., Ascochyta sp., Fusarium oxysporum, and Rhizopus sp. were isolated from samples”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed infection percentage ranged from 0 to 100% across samples from the seed multiplication store.
Verbatim
e0“The infection percentage varied from 0-100% in samples of seed multiplication store”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Most crop varieties showed 100% seed infection.
Verbatim
e1“Most varieties of crops showed 100% infection”
e0“The infection percentage varied from 0-100% in samples of seed multiplication store”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
HB1307 of barley and Alidoro of wheat showed 97.5% seed infection.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree1 - Material
- HB1307 of barley and Alidoro of wheate1
- Outcome
- infection percentagee0
- Value
- 97.5%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“97.5% (HB1307 of barley and Alidoro of wheat)”
e0“The infection percentage varied from 0-100% in samples of seed multiplication store”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Kingbird of wheat and RIB13/14 of nug showed 95% seed infection.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Material
- Kingbird of wheat and RIB13/14 of nuge1
- Outcome
- infection percentagee0
- Value
- 95%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“95% (Kingbird of wheat and RIB13/14 of nug)”
e0“The infection percentage varied from 0-100% in samples of seed multiplication store”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Kuncho of teff showed 90% seed infection.
Verbatim
e1“90% (Kuncho of teff)”
e0“The infection percentage varied from 0-100% in samples of seed multiplication store”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Holetta-1 11/12 of gomenzer showed 50% seed infection.
Verbatim
e1“50% (Holetta-1 11/12 of gomenzer)”
e0“The infection percentage varied from 0-100% in samples of seed multiplication store”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Ginchi-1 11/12 of nug and Yellow Dodola15/16 of gomenzer showed 20% seed infection.
Verbatim
e1“20% (Ginchi-1 11/12 of nug and Yellow Dodola15/16 of gomenzer)”
e0“The infection percentage varied from 0-100% in samples of seed multiplication store”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Shambu 17/18 of oat showed 10% seed infection.
- Taxon
- oat
Avena sativae1 - Material
- Shambu 17/18 of oate1
- Outcome
- infection percentagee0
- Value
- 10%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“10% (Shambu 17/18 of oat)”
e0“The infection percentage varied from 0-100% in samples of seed multiplication store”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Shambu 11/12 of oat, S-67 17/18 of gomenzer and Fogera 10/11 of nug showed 5% seed infection.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae1
- Material
- Shambu 11/12 of oat, S-67 17/18 of gomenzer and Fogera 10/11 of nuge1
- Outcome
- infection percentagee0
- Value
- 5%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“5% (Shambu 11/12 of oat, S-67 17/18 of gomenzer and Fogera 10/11 of nug)”
e0“The infection percentage varied from 0-100% in samples of seed multiplication store”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Linseed samples showed 0% seed infection.
Verbatim
e1“except linseed samples 0%”
e0“The infection percentage varied from 0-100% in samples of seed multiplication store”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed-borne fungi were present in most seed samples of cereals, oils and legume crops.
Verbatim
e1“In general, seed-borne fungi were present in most seed samples of cereals, oils, and legume crops”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Some identified crop seed fungi are potential producers of mycotoxins.
Verbatim
e1“Some of the identified fungi are potential producers of mycotoxins”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Some seed-borne fungi caused diseases of the roots, stems and leaves of crops.
Verbatim
e1“some seed-borne fungi were also the causal agents of diseases of the roots, stems, and leaves of crops”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal incidence on seed was highly associated with storage temperature and relative humidity.
- Taxon
- Seeds of Some Cropst0
- Treatment
- temperature and relative humidity of storagee1
- Outcome
- Fungal incidence of seede1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“Fungal incidence of seed was highly associated with storage conditions of the independent variables, such as temperature and relative humidity of storage”
t0“Investigation of Major Storage Fungal Pathogens Associated with Seeds of Some Crops”