Abstract
Straw is an agricultural byproduct that results from the production of many crops, such as cereals, yet it is often considered a waste product. However, straw has both historical precedent and future potential as an agricultural resource. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of returning straw to the soil on rice cultivation. To this end, we used the hybrid rice variety Luliangyou Jingling as the test material to study the effect of straw return under four different nitrogen application levels (0 kg N (N1), 120 kg N/hm2 (N2), 150 kg N/hm2 (N3), and 180 kg N/hm2 (N4)) on rice tillering dynamics, leaf area index (LAI), dry matter accumulation, and yield. We found that rice under straw return had a higher number of effective panicles, along with a higher number of grains per panicle, compared to those without straw return. Additionally, the tiller number, LAI, total dry matter, and yield of rice in each main growth period under straw return were higher than those without straw return, and these values increased with an increase in nitrogen application rate. The yield was the highest at 9520.63 kg/hm2 without straw return, while the highest yield with straw return was achieved at 10,738.26 kg/hm2. Our results revealed the optimal nitrogen application level for high yield of two-line direct-seeded rice under straw return, which provides a theoretical reference for the precise reduction of fertilizer application in rice cultivation.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Straw return increased the number of effective panicles of hybrid rice
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- Luliangyou Jinglinge1
- Treatment
- straw returne2
- Outcome
- effective paniclese2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- without straw returne3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return”
e1“we used the hybrid rice variety Luliangyou Jingling as the test material”
e2“rice under straw return had a higher number of effective panicles”
e3“a higher number of grains per panicle, compared to those without straw return”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw return increased the number of grains per panicle
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- straw returne3
- Outcome
- number of grains per paniclee3
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- without straw returne3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return”
e3“a higher number of grains per panicle, compared to those without straw return”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw return increased tiller number, LAI and total dry matter of rice
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- straw returne4
- Outcome
- tiller number, LAI, total dry mattere4
- Direction
- highere4
- Comparator
- without straw returne4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return”
e4“the tiller number, LAI, total dry matter, and yield of rice in each main growth period under straw return were higher than those without straw return”
Claim · model-written summary
Under straw return the highest rice yield was 10,738.26 kg/hm2, above the highest yield without straw return
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- straw returne6
- Outcome
- yielde6
- Direction
- higheste6
- Value
- 10,738.26 kg/hm2e6
- Qualifier
- 9520.63 kg/hm2 without straw returne6
- Comparator
- without straw returne6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return”
e4“the tiller number, LAI, total dry matter, and yield of rice in each main growth period under straw return were higher than those without straw return”
e6“The yield was the highest at 9520.63 kg/hm2 without straw return, while the highest yield with straw return was achieved at 10,738.26 kg/hm2”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield of rice increased with nitrogen application rate
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen application ratee5
- Outcome
- yielde4
- Direction
- increasede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return”
e4“the tiller number, LAI, total dry matter, and yield of rice in each main growth period under straw return were higher than those without straw return”
e5“these values increased with an increase in nitrogen application rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Tiller number, LAI and total dry matter of rice increased with nitrogen application rate
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen application ratee5
- Outcome
- tiller number, LAI, total dry mattere4
- Direction
- increasede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return”
e4“the tiller number, LAI, total dry matter, and yield of rice in each main growth period under straw return were higher than those without straw return”
e5“these values increased with an increase in nitrogen application rate”
Claim · model-written summary
An optimal nitrogen application level for high yield of two-line direct-seeded rice under straw return was identified
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- straw returne7
- Outcome
- optimal nitrogen application level for high yielde7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return”
e7“Our results revealed the optimal nitrogen application level for high yield of two-line direct-seeded rice under straw return”
The same questions in other papers
organic · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
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- negative
- negative
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278 papers in the same direction as this paper · 37 in the opposite direction · 11 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
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- negative
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See all 327 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.