Abstract
The purpose of the current work was to identify photosynthetic parameters that are predictors of barley drought tolerance, determined at early stages of development, and to verify the results obtained in field conditions. The study was carried out with the barley varieties ‘Leon’, ‘Ratnik’ and ‘Foks 1’, used in mutation breeding to develop drought-resistant genotypes. Drought was modeled by stopping irrigation. Plant resistance was estimated by changes in chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv /Fm, Y(II), NPQ) and morphometric parameters (leaf length, wet and dry weight) compared to the control group with normal water supply. Under stress-free conditions, the variety ‘Leon’ demonstrated a statistically significantly lower efficiency of photosynthesis in terms of Y(II) and Fv /Fm (0.535 ± 0.005 and 0.776 ± 0.004, respectively) in comparison with other varieties (0.577 ± 0.005 and 0.788 ± 0.001 for the variety ‘Foks 1’; 0.574 ± 0.004 and 0.787 ± 0.001 for the variety ‘Ratnik’). When modeling drought, there has been established a decrease in all morphometric indicators for all varieties relative to the control, with the highest degree of inhibition for the variety ‘Ratnik’ (70.16 ± 3.88 %; 8.09 ± 0.73 %; 68.50 ± 4.42 % for leaf length, wet and dry weight, respectively) and with the lowest degree for the variety ‘Leon’ (88.06 ± 7.83 %; 26.51 ± 7.11 %; 79.32 ± 11.17 %, respectively). A decrease in the photosynthesis intensity was manifested in the suppression of Fv /Fm and Y(II) and an increase in NPQ, with the earliest changes in the parameters Y(II) and NPQ in the varieties ‘Foks 1’ and ‘Ratnik’ (on the 4 th and 5 th day, respectively), compared to the variety ‘Leon’ (on the 7 th day). In the field conditions, there has been estimated productivity of the varieties and its dependence on precipitation. A positive correlation between the difference in yield of two varieties ‘Leon’ and ‘Ratnik’, contrasting in their response to drought, and the amount of precipitation during the active vegetation period in 2014–2017 and 2022 (Pearson’s R2 = 0.77, p < 0.05) has been identified. The most sensitive parameters of photosynthesis, which can be used to predict resistance to moisture deficiency, were Y(II) and NPQ.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Leon had lower Y(II) under stress-free conditions than the other barley varieties.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Material
- Leone0
- Outcome
- Y(II)e0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 0.535 ± 0.005e0
- Comparator
- other varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the variety ‘Leon’ demonstrated a statistically significantly lower efficiency of photosynthesis in terms of Y(II) and Fv /Fm (0.535 ± 0.005 and 0.776 ± 0.004, respectively) in comparison with other varieties”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Leon had lower Fv/Fm under stress-free conditions than the other varieties.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Leone0
- Outcome
- Fv /Fme0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 0.776 ± 0.004e0
- Comparator
- other varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the variety ‘Leon’ demonstrated a statistically significantly lower efficiency of photosynthesis in terms of Y(II) and Fv /Fm (0.535 ± 0.005 and 0.776 ± 0.004, respectively) in comparison with other varieties”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought decreased leaf length, wet weight, and dry weight in all barley varieties.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- droughtt0
- Outcome
- leaf length, wet and dry weighte1
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease in all morphometric indicators for all varieties relative to the control”
e1“morphometric parameters (leaf length, wet and dry weight)”
t0“barley drought tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Ratnik showed the greatest drought inhibition of leaf length, wet weight, and dry weight.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Ratnike0
- Outcome
- leaf length, wet and dry weighte0
- Direction
- highest degree of inhibitione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest degree of inhibition for the variety ‘Ratnik’ (70.16 ± 3.88 %; 8.09 ± 0.73 %; 68.50 ± 4.42 % for leaf length, wet and dry weight, respectively)”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Leon showed the lowest drought inhibition of leaf length, wet weight, and dry weight.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Leone0
- Outcome
- leaf length, wet and dry weighte1
- Direction
- lowest degreee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest degree for the variety ‘Leon’ (88.06 ± 7.83 %; 26.51 ± 7.11 %; 79.32 ± 11.17 %, respectively)”
e1“for leaf length, wet and dry weight, respectively”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought suppressed barley Fv/Fm and Y(II).
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- droughtt0
- Outcome
- Fv /Fm and Y(II)e0
- Direction
- suppressione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A decrease in the photosynthesis intensity was manifested in the suppression of Fv /Fm and Y(II)”
t0“barley drought tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased barley NPQ.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- NPQe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in NPQ”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
The yield difference between Leon and Ratnik correlated positively with vegetation-period precipitation.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Leone0
- Outcome
- difference in yielde0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Qualifier
- Pearson’s R2 = 0.77, p < 0.05e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A positive correlation between the difference in yield of two varieties ‘Leon’ and ‘Ratnik’, contrasting in their response to drought, and the amount of precipitation during the active vegetation period in 2014–2017 and 2022 (Pearson’s R2 = 0.77, p < 0.05) has been identified”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Y(II) and NPQ were the most sensitive predictors of moisture-deficiency resistance.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- Y(II) and NPQe0
- Direction
- most sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most sensitive parameters of photosynthesis, which can be used to predict resistance to moisture deficiency, were Y(II) and NPQ”
t0“barley”
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