Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during rainy season of 2005 and 2006 under rainfed condition at Faizabad on a silty-loam soil to find out the most effective weed control measure in maize (Zea mays L.). Pre-emergence appli- cation of alachlor (2.0 kglha), pendimethalin (1.0 kglha) and atrazine (1.0 kglha) alone and in combination with one hand-weeding (30 DAS), two hand-weedings (20 and 40 DAS), smother crop (blackgram and Dhaincha) and earthing-up were compared with weed-free and weedy check treatments. Two hand-weedings at 20 and 40 DAS proved most effective (weed-control efficiency, WCE 60.74 and 71.78%) followed by alachlor 2.0 kglha + hand- weeding at 30 DAS (WCE 55.86 and 68.31 %) and they reduced the weed density and weed biomass significantly, which in turn increased yield compared with weedy check. The highest grain yield of 3.70 and 3.63 tlha was re- corded under weed-free treatment during 2005 and 2006 respectively, which was on a par with two hand- weedings at 20 and 40 DAS. The highest net returns were obtained under weed-free treatment, but highest benefit :cost ratio was recorded under earthing-up and two hand-weedings.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Two hand-weedings at 20 and 40 DAS were the most effective weed control measure, with weed-control efficiency of 60.74 and 71.78%, compared with weed-free and weedy check treatments.
- Treatment
- Two hand-weedings at 20 and 40 DASe1
- Outcome
- weed-control efficiency, WCEe1
- Direction
- proved most effectivee1
- Value
- 60.74 and 71.78%e1
- Comparator
- weed-free and weedy check treatmentse2
- Setting
- rainfed condition at Faizabade0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed dynamics, productivity and economics of maize (Zea mays) as affected by integrated weed management under rainfed condition”
e0“A field experiment was conducted during rainy season of 2005 and 2006 under rainfed condition at Faizabad”
e1“Two hand-weedings at 20 and 40 DAS proved most effective (weed-control efficiency, WCE 60.74 and 71.78%)”
e2“were compared with weed-free and weedy check treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Two hand-weedings at 20 and 40 DAS significantly reduced weed density and weed biomass compared with the weedy check.
- Treatment
- Two hand-weedings at 20 and 40 DASe1
- Outcome
- weed density and weed biomasse3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Comparator
- weedy checke3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed dynamics, productivity and economics of maize (Zea mays) as affected by integrated weed management under rainfed condition”
e1“Two hand-weedings at 20 and 40 DAS proved most effective (weed-control efficiency, WCE 60.74 and 71.78%)”
e3“they reduced the weed density and weed biomass significantly, which in turn increased yield compared with weedy check”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control increased maize yield compared with the weedy check.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed dynamics, productivity and economics of maize (Zea mays) as affected by integrated weed management under rainfed condition”
e3“they reduced the weed density and weed biomass significantly, which in turn increased yield compared with weedy check”
Claim · model-written summary
The weed-free treatment gave the highest grain yield, 3.70 and 3.63 t/ha in 2005 and 2006.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed dynamics, productivity and economics of maize (Zea mays) as affected by integrated weed management under rainfed condition”
e4“The highest grain yield of 3.70 and 3.63 tlha was re- corded under weed-free treatment during 2005 and 2006 respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The weed-free treatment gave the highest net returns.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed dynamics, productivity and economics of maize (Zea mays) as affected by integrated weed management under rainfed condition”
e5“The highest net returns were obtained under weed-free treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Earthing-up and two hand-weedings gave the highest benefit:cost ratio.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed dynamics, productivity and economics of maize (Zea mays) as affected by integrated weed management under rainfed condition”
e6“but highest benefit :cost ratio was recorded under earthing-up and two hand-weedings”
Claim · model-written summary
Alachlor 2.0 kg/ha plus hand-weeding at 30 DAS was followed by weed-control efficiency of 55.86 and 68.31%.
- Treatment
- alachlor 2.0 kglha + hand- weeding at 30 DASe7
- Outcome
- WCEe7
- Direction
- followed bye7
- Value
- 55.86 and 68.31 %e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed dynamics, productivity and economics of maize (Zea mays) as affected by integrated weed management under rainfed condition”
e7“followed by alachlor 2.0 kglha + hand- weeding at 30 DAS (WCE 55.86 and 68.31 %)”
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