Abstract
Abstract To investigate the relationship between stem puncture mechanical characteristics and NK stress diagnosis, the microstructure, surface morphology, cellulose and lignin content, puncture mechanical characteristics, and epidermal cell morphology of cucumber stems were measured herein. The results indicated that the middle stem, which had a diameter of approximately 7000 μm, was more suitable for puncturing due to its lower amount of epidermal hair, and its gradual regularity in shape. Further, the cucumber stems were protected from puncture damage due to their ability to rapidly heal within 25 h.. The epidermal penetration of the cucumber stems increased with the increase in cellulose and lignin, though cellulose played a more decisive role. The epidermal break distance increased with an increase in N application and decreased with an increase in K + application, but the change in intercellular space caused by K + supply was the most critical factor affecting the epidermal break distance. In addition, a decrease in K + concentration led to a decrease in epidermal brittleness, whereas the factors affecting epidermal toughness were more complex. Finally, we found that although the detection of epidermal brittleness and toughness on nutrient stress was poor under certain treatment, the puncture mechanical characteristics of the stem still had a significant indicative effect on N application rate. Therefore, elucidating of the relationship between the puncture mechanical characteristics of the stems and crop nutritional stress is not only beneficial for promoting stem stress physiology research but also for designing on-site nutritional testing equipment in the future.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The middle stem of cucumber was more suitable for puncturing because of its lower amount of epidermal hair.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Organ / stage
- middle steme1
- Outcome
- more suitable for puncturinge1
- Qualifier
- lower amount of epidermal haire1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epidermal cell morphology of cucumber stems were measured herein”
e1“the middle stem, which had a diameter of approximately 7000 μm, was more suitable for puncturing due to its lower amount of epidermal hair”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber stems rapidly healed within 25 h after puncture damage.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Organ / stage
- stemse2
- Outcome
- ability to rapidly heale2
- Value
- 25 he2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epidermal cell morphology of cucumber stems were measured herein”
e2“the cucumber stems were protected from puncture damage due to their ability to rapidly heal within 25 h”
Claim · model-written summary
Epidermal penetration of cucumber stems increased with cellulose and lignin content.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Compound
- cellulose and lignine3
- Outcome
- epidermal penetratione3
- Direction
- increasede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epidermal cell morphology of cucumber stems were measured herein”
e3“The epidermal penetration of the cucumber stems increased with the increase in cellulose and lignin”
Claim · model-written summary
Cellulose played a more decisive role than other factors in epidermal penetration of cucumber stems.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Compound
- cellulosee4
- Outcome
- epidermal penetratione3
- Qualifier
- more decisive rolee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epidermal cell morphology of cucumber stems were measured herein”
e3“The epidermal penetration of the cucumber stems increased with the increase in cellulose and lignin”
e4“though cellulose played a more decisive role”
Claim · model-written summary
Epidermal break distance of cucumber stems increased with N application.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- N applicatione5
- Outcome
- epidermal break distancee5
- Direction
- increasede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epidermal cell morphology of cucumber stems were measured herein”
e5“The epidermal break distance increased with an increase in N application and decreased with an increase in K + application”
Claim · model-written summary
Epidermal break distance of cucumber stems decreased with increasing K+ application.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- K + applicatione5
- Outcome
- epidermal break distancee5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epidermal cell morphology of cucumber stems were measured herein”
e5“The epidermal break distance increased with an increase in N application and decreased with an increase in K + application”
Claim · model-written summary
The change in intercellular space caused by K supply was the most critical factor affecting epidermal break distance.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- K + supplye6
- Outcome
- epidermal break distancee6
- Qualifier
- change in intercellular space caused by K + supplye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epidermal cell morphology of cucumber stems were measured herein”
e6“the change in intercellular space caused by K + supply was the most critical factor affecting the epidermal break distance”
Claim · model-written summary
A decrease in K+ concentration led to a decrease in epidermal brittleness of cucumber stems.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- decrease in K + concentratione7
- Outcome
- epidermal brittlenesse7
- Direction
- decreasee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epidermal cell morphology of cucumber stems were measured herein”
e7“a decrease in K + concentration led to a decrease in epidermal brittleness”
Claim · model-written summary
Factors affecting epidermal toughness of cucumber stems were more complex.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Outcome
- epidermal toughnesse1
- Qualifier
- were more complexe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epidermal cell morphology of cucumber stems were measured herein”
e1“the factors affecting epidermal toughness were more complex”
Claim · model-written summary
Detection of epidermal brittleness and toughness for nutrient stress was poor under certain treatment.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Outcome
- detection of epidermal brittleness and toughness on nutrient stresse1
- Qualifier
- under certain treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epidermal cell morphology of cucumber stems were measured herein”
e1“the detection of epidermal brittleness and toughness on nutrient stress was poor under certain treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Puncture mechanical characteristics of the stem had a significant indicative effect on N application rate.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Organ / stage
- steme1
- Treatment
- N application ratee1
- Outcome
- indicative effecte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epidermal cell morphology of cucumber stems were measured herein”
e1“the puncture mechanical characteristics of the stem still had a significant indicative effect on N application rate”