Abstract
Observations on per cent pest infestation by counting all plants were counted per plot and oviposition were taken on 20 randomly selected plants in each treatment on weekly basis and per cent cob damage were recorded 20 randomly selected plants in each treatment. Simultaneously, the counts on natural enemies (predators, parasitized larvae and larval cadavers affected by diseases) were taken on 10 randomly selected plants in each treatment. The grain yield from individual treatment was recorded separately and expressed on hectare basis. The lowest number of egg masses were recorded in chemical treatments and the highest number of egg masses were recorded in untreated check and biopesticides at 21 and 28 days after germination. No egg masses were recorded in all treatments at 70 days after germination. The lowest percent pest infestation recorded inchemical treatments. However, the highest percent pest infestation was recorded in in untreated check and biopesticides at 21 and 28 days after germination. No pest infestation were recorded in all treatments at 70 days after germination. With respect to natural enemy activity, nimbecidine 0.03% @ 3 ml/l, Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 17,600 IU/mg @ 2 g/l, Metarhiziumrileyi 2 × 108 CFU @ 2 g/l and chloranitraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 0.20 ml/l treatments were as good as untreated check by safe guarding the natural enemy population. Spinetoram 11.7 SC spray @ 0.5 ml/l resulted in highest grain yield which was at par with cyantraniliprole 10 OD @ 0.3 ml/l. Lower yields were obtained from the plots which received biopesticides application.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical treatments had the fewest fall armyworm egg masses at 21 and 28 days.
- Treatment
- chemical treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperda
.jpg?width=60)
Spodoptera frugiperdat1pest - Outcome
- number of egg massese0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Comparator
- untreated check and biopesticidese0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“The lowest number of egg masses were recorded in chemical treatments and the highest number of egg masses were recorded in untreated check and biopesticides at 21 and 28 days after germination.”
t1“Spodoptera frugiperda”
Claim · model-written summary
No egg masses were recorded in any treatment at 70 days.
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat1pest
- Outcome
- No egg massese0
- Qualifier
- 70 days after germinatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
t1“Spodoptera frugiperda”
e0“No egg masses were recorded in all treatments at 70 days after germination.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical treatments had the lowest pest infestation at 21 and 28 days.
- Treatment
- chemical treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat1pest
- Outcome
- percent pest infestatione0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Comparator
- untreated check and biopesticidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
t1“Spodoptera frugiperda”
e0“The lowest percent pest infestation recorded inchemical treatments. However, the highest percent pest infestation was recorded in in untreated check and biopesticides at 21 and 28 days after germination.”
Claim · model-written summary
No pest infestation was recorded in any treatment at 70 days.
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat1pest
- Outcome
- No pest infestatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
t1“Spodoptera frugiperda”
e0“No pest infestation were recorded in all treatments at 70 days after germination.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nimbecidine safeguarded natural enemy populations as well as the untreated check.
- Treatment
- nimbecidine 0.03% @ 3 ml/le0
- Outcome
- natural enemy populatione0
- Direction
- as good ase0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“nimbecidine 0.03% @ 3 ml/l, Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 17,600 IU/mg @ 2 g/l, Metarhiziumrileyi 2 × 108 CFU @ 2 g/l and chloranitraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 0.20 ml/l treatments were as good as untreated check by safe guarding the natural enemy population.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus thuringiensis treatment safeguarded natural enemy populations as well as the untreated check.
- Treatment
- Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 17,600 IU/mg @ 2 g/le0
- Interactor
- Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstakiBacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstakie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- natural enemy populatione0
- Direction
- as good ase0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 17,600 IU/mg @ 2 g/l, Metarhiziumrileyi 2 × 108 CFU @ 2 g/l and chloranitraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 0.20 ml/l treatments were as good as untreated check by safe guarding the natural enemy population.”
Claim · model-written summary
Metarhizium treatment safeguarded natural enemy populations as well as the untreated check.
- Treatment
- Metarhiziumrileyi 2 × 108 CFU @ 2 g/le0
- Interactor
- Metarhiziumrileyie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- natural enemy populatione0
- Direction
- as good ase0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“Metarhiziumrileyi 2 × 108 CFU @ 2 g/l and chloranitraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 0.20 ml/l treatments were as good as untreated check by safe guarding the natural enemy population.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloranitraniliprole safeguarded natural enemy populations as well as the untreated check.
- Treatment
- chloranitraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 0.20 ml/le0
- Outcome
- natural enemy populatione0
- Direction
- as good ase0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“chloranitraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 0.20 ml/l treatments were as good as untreated check by safe guarding the natural enemy population.”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinetoram gave the highest maize grain yield, on par with cyantraniliprole.
- Treatment
- Spinetoram 11.7 SC spray @ 0.5 ml/le0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- cyantraniliprole 10 OD @ 0.3 ml/le0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“Spinetoram 11.7 SC spray @ 0.5 ml/l resulted in highest grain yield which was at par with cyantraniliprole 10 OD @ 0.3 ml/l.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biopesticide applications gave lower yields.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“Lower yields were obtained from the plots which received biopesticides application.”
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574 papers in the same direction as this paper · 42 in the opposite direction · 12 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
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See all 629 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.