Abstract
Under changing climatic conditions, crop plants are more adversely affected by a combination of various abiotic stresses than by a single abiotic stress. Therefore, it is essential to identify potential donors to multiple abiotic stresses for developing climate-resilient crop varieties. Hence, the present study was undertaken with 41 germplasm accessions comprising native landraces of Tamil Nadu, Prerelease lines and cultivars were screened independently for drought, salinity, and submergence at the seedling stage during Kharif and Rabi 2022–2023. Stress was imposed separately for these three abiotic stresses on 21-day-old seedlings and was maintained for 10 days. The studied genotypes showed a significant reduction in plant biomass (PB), Relative Growth Index (RGI), relative water content (RWC), leaf photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and Chlorophyll Concentration Index (CCI) under drought followed by salinity and submergence. Stress-tolerant indices for drought, salinity, and submergence revealed significant variation for plant biomass. Furthermore, a set of 30 SSR markers linked to drought, salinity, and submergence QTLs has been used to characterize 41 rice germplasm accessions. Our analysis suggests a significantly high polymorphism, with 28 polymorphic markers having a 93.40% in 76 loci. The mean values of polymorphic information content (PIC), heterozygosity index (HI), marker index (MI), and resolving power (RP) were 0.369, 0.433, 1.140, and 2.877, respectively. Jaccard clustering grouped all the genotypes into two major and six subclusters. According to STRUCTURE analysis, all genotypes were grouped into two major clusters, which are concurrent with a very broad genetic base ( K = 2). Statistically significant marker-trait associations for biomass were observed for five polymorphic markers, viz. , RM211, RM212 (drought), RM10694 (salinity), RM219, and RM21 (submergence). Similarly, significant markers for relative shoot length were observed for RM551 (drought), RM10694 (salinity), and ART5 (submergence). Notably, the genotypes Mattaikar, Varigarudan samba, Arupatham samba, and APD19002 were identified as potential donors for multiple abiotic stress tolerance. Thus, identifying the genetic potential of germplasm could be useful for enhancing stress resilience in rice.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly reduced rice biomass and relative growth index.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“significant reduction in plant biomass (PB), Relative Growth Index (RGI), relative water content (RWC), leaf photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and Chlorophyll Concentration Index (CCI) under drought followed by salinity and submergence”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly reduced rice water content, photosynthesis, fluorescence, and chlorophyll index.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“significant reduction in plant biomass (PB), Relative Growth Index (RGI), relative water content (RWC), leaf photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and Chlorophyll Concentration Index (CCI) under drought followed by salinity and submergence”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly reduced rice growth and physiological traits, less than drought.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“significant reduction in plant biomass (PB), Relative Growth Index (RGI), relative water content (RWC), leaf photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and Chlorophyll Concentration Index (CCI) under drought followed by salinity and submergence”
Claim · model-written summary
Submergence significantly reduced rice growth and physiological traits, less than salinity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“significant reduction in plant biomass (PB), Relative Growth Index (RGI), relative water content (RWC), leaf photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and Chlorophyll Concentration Index (CCI) under drought followed by salinity and submergence”
Claim · model-written summary
Biomass stress tolerance indices varied significantly across the three stresses.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Stress-tolerant indices for drought, salinity, and submergence revealed significant variation for plant biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
SSR markers showed high polymorphism, with 28 polymorphic markers across 76 loci.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“significantly high polymorphism, with 28 polymorphic markers having a 93.40% in 76 loci”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean PIC was 0.369.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“The mean values of polymorphic information content (PIC), heterozygosity index (HI), marker index (MI), and resolving power (RP) were 0.369, 0.433, 1.140, and 2.877, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean heterozygosity index was 0.433.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“The mean values of polymorphic information content (PIC), heterozygosity index (HI), marker index (MI), and resolving power (RP) were 0.369, 0.433, 1.140, and 2.877, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean marker index was 1.140.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“The mean values of polymorphic information content (PIC), heterozygosity index (HI), marker index (MI), and resolving power (RP) were 0.369, 0.433, 1.140, and 2.877, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean resolving power was 2.877.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“The mean values of polymorphic information content (PIC), heterozygosity index (HI), marker index (MI), and resolving power (RP) were 0.369, 0.433, 1.140, and 2.877, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Jaccard clustering produced two major and six subclusters.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Jaccard clustering grouped all the genotypes into two major and six subclusters”
Claim · model-written summary
STRUCTURE produced two major genetic clusters at K = 2.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“all genotypes were grouped into two major clusters, which are concurrent with a very broad genetic base ( K = 2)”
Claim · model-written summary
Five markers were significantly associated with biomass under the respective stresses.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Statistically significant marker-trait associations for biomass were observed for five polymorphic markers, viz. , RM211, RM212 (drought), RM10694 (salinity), RM219, and RM21 (submergence)”
Claim · model-written summary
RM551, RM10694 and ART5 were significant markers for relative shoot length under respective stresses.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“significant markers for relative shoot length were observed for RM551 (drought), RM10694 (salinity), and ART5 (submergence)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mattaikar was identified as a potential multiple-stress tolerance donor.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“the genotypes Mattaikar, Varigarudan samba, Arupatham samba, and APD19002 were identified as potential donors for multiple abiotic stress tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Varigarudan samba was identified as a potential multiple-stress tolerance donor.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“the genotypes Mattaikar, Varigarudan samba, Arupatham samba, and APD19002 were identified as potential donors for multiple abiotic stress tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Arupatham samba was identified as a potential multiple-stress tolerance donor.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“the genotypes Mattaikar, Varigarudan samba, Arupatham samba, and APD19002 were identified as potential donors for multiple abiotic stress tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
APD19002 was identified as a potential multiple-stress tolerance donor.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“the genotypes Mattaikar, Varigarudan samba, Arupatham samba, and APD19002 were identified as potential donors for multiple abiotic stress tolerance”
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