Abstract
The knowledge of pollen morphology, suitable storage condition, and species compatibility is vital for a successful grapevine improvement programme. Ten grape genotypes from three different species, viz. , Vitis vinifera L., Vitis parviflora Roxb., and Vitis champini Planc., were studied for their pollen structure and pollen storage with the objective of determining their utilization in grape rootstock improvement programs. Pollen morphology was examined through the use of a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The viability of the pollen was assessed using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). In vitro pollen germination was investigated using the semi-solid medium with 10 % sucrose, 100 mg/L boric acid, and 300 mg/L calcium nitrate. The results revealed variations in pollen micro-morphology in 10 genotypes, with distinct pollen dimensions, shapes, and exine ornamentation. However, species-wise, no clear difference was found for these parameters. Pollen of V. parviflora Roxb. and Dogridge was acolporated and did not germinate. The remaining eight genotypes exhibited tricolporated pollen and showed satisfactory in vitro pollen germination. Storage temperature and duration interactions showed that, at room temperature, pollen of most of the grape genotypes can be stored for up to 1 day only with an acceptable pollen germination rate (>30 %). However, storage for up to 7 days was successfully achieved at 4 °C, except for ‘Pearl of Csaba’. The most effective storage conditions were found to be at −20 °C and −196 °C (in liquid N 2 ), enabling pollen storage for a period of up to 30 days, and can be used for pollination to overcome the challenge of asynchronous flowering. Four interspecific combinations were studied for their compatibility, among which V. parviflora Roxb. × V. vinifera L. (Pusa Navrang) and V. parviflora Roxb. × V. champini Planc. (Salt Creek) showed high cross-compatibility, offering their potential use for grape rootstock breeding. However, V. parviflora Roxb. × V. vinifera L. (Male Hybrid) recorded the lowest compatibility index among studied crosses. In the case of self-pollinated flowers from V. parviflora Roxb. and V. parviflora Roxb. × V. champini Planc. (Dogridge), pollen failed to germinate on the stigma due to male sterility caused by acolporated pollen. As a result, the flowers of these genotypes functioned as females, which means they are ideal female parents for grape breeding without the need for the tedious process of emasculation.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Ten grape genotypes varied in pollen dimensions, shapes and exine ornamentation.
Verbatim
e0“variations in pollen micro-morphology in 10 genotypes, with distinct pollen dimensions, shapes, and exine ornamentation”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Species showed no clear pollen morphology differences.
Verbatim
e0“species-wise, no clear difference was found for these parameters”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
V. parviflora pollen was acolporated and failed to germinate.
- Taxon
- V. parviflora Roxb.Vitis parviflorae0
- Outcome
- Pollene0
Verbatim
e0“Pollen of V. parviflora Roxb. and Dogridge was acolporated and did not germinate.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dogridge pollen was acolporated and failed to germinate.
Verbatim
e0“Pollen of V. parviflora Roxb. and Dogridge was acolporated and did not germinate.”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight other genotypes had tricolporated pollen and satisfactory in vitro germination.
Verbatim
e0“The remaining eight genotypes exhibited tricolporated pollen and showed satisfactory in vitro pollen germination.”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
At room temperature most grape pollen retained acceptable germination for one day.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“at room temperature, pollen of most of the grape genotypes can be stored for up to 1 day only with an acceptable pollen germination rate (>30 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 4 °C grape pollen could be stored seven days except Pearl of Csaba.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“storage for up to 7 days was successfully achieved at 4 °C, except for ‘Pearl of Csaba’”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
At −20 °C grape pollen could be stored for up to 30 days.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“−20 °C and −196 °C (in liquid N 2 ), enabling pollen storage for a period of up to 30 days”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
At −196 °C grape pollen could be stored for up to 30 days.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“−20 °C and −196 °C (in liquid N 2 ), enabling pollen storage for a period of up to 30 days”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
V. parviflora × V. vinifera Pusa Navrang had high cross compatibility.
- Taxon
- V. parviflora Roxb.Vitis parviflorae0
- Material
- Pusa Navrange0
- Interactor
- V. vinifera L.
Vitis viniferae0other - Outcome
- cross-compatibilitye0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“V. parviflora Roxb. × V. vinifera L. (Pusa Navrang) and V. parviflora Roxb. × V. champini Planc. (Salt Creek) showed high cross-compatibility”
Claim · model-written summary
V. parviflora × V. champini Salt Creek had high cross compatibility.
- Taxon
- V. parviflora Roxb.Vitis parviflorae0
- Material
- Salt Creeke0
- Interactor
- V. champini Planc.Vitis ×champiniie0other
- Outcome
- cross-compatibilitye0
- Direction
- highe0
Verbatim
e0“V. parviflora Roxb. × V. vinifera L. (Pusa Navrang) and V. parviflora Roxb. × V. champini Planc. (Salt Creek) showed high cross-compatibility”
Claim · model-written summary
V. parviflora × V. vinifera Male Hybrid had the lowest compatibility index.
- Taxon
- V. parviflora Roxb.Vitis parviflorae0
- Material
- Male Hybride0
- Interactor
- V. vinifera L.Vitis viniferae0other
- Outcome
- compatibility indexe0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“V. parviflora Roxb. × V. vinifera L. (Male Hybrid) recorded the lowest compatibility index”
Claim · model-written summary
Self-pollinated V. parviflora pollen failed to germinate on stigmas.
- Taxon
- V. parviflora Roxb.Vitis parviflorae0
- Outcome
- pollen failed to germinate on the stigmae0
Verbatim
e0“self-pollinated flowers from V. parviflora Roxb. and V. parviflora Roxb. × V. champini Planc. (Dogridge), pollen failed to germinate on the stigma due to male sterility caused by acolporated pollen”
Claim · model-written summary
V. parviflora × V. champini Dogridge pollen failed to germinate on stigmas.
- Taxon
- V. parviflora Roxb.Vitis parviflorae0
- Material
- Dogridgee0
- Interactor
- V. champini Planc.Vitis ×champiniie0other
- Outcome
- pollen failed to germinate on the stigmae0
Verbatim
e0“self-pollinated flowers from V. parviflora Roxb. and V. parviflora Roxb. × V. champini Planc. (Dogridge), pollen failed to germinate on the stigma due to male sterility caused by acolporated pollen”
Claim · model-written summary
These male-sterile grape genotypes can serve as female parents without emasculation.
Verbatim
e0“flowers of these genotypes functioned as females, which means they are ideal female parents for grape breeding without the need for the tedious process of emasculation”
t0“grape”