Abstract
Abstract Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a destructive plant disease, particularly in potato ( Solanum tuberosum ). R . solanacearum deploys a diverse and potent arsenal of type III effectors to inhibit the plant immune system. However, the understanding of individual effectors promoting susceptibility in host plants and interfering with plant immunity responses is still limited. Here, we demonstrated that the type III effector RipV1 functioned as a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase (NEL) effector and exhibited E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in vitro. Transient expression of RipV1 suppressed plant pathogen‐associated molecular pattern (PAMP)‐triggered immunity (PTI) responses in Nicotiana benthamiana , such as the expression of PTI‐related genes and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst. Prolonged expression of RipV1 induced cell death in N . benthamiana leaves. Notably, mutating the conserved cysteine residue of RipV1 abolished its E3 ligase activity and its ability to suppress plant PTI responses. This study also revealed the indispensability of RipV1 for R . solanacearum 's full virulence in potato. Transgenic potato plants overexpressing ripV1 but not the catalytic mutant ripV1‐C444A displayed enhanced susceptibility to R . solanacearum . RipV1 was observed to localize specifically to the plant plasma membrane, with its N‐terminus being pivotal in determining this localization. These findings showcase that RipV1 acts as a NEL effector and contributes to R . solanacearum virulence by suppressing plant PTI responses through its E3 activity.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
RipV1 exhibited E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in vitro.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the type III effector RipV1 functioned as a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase (NEL) effector and exhibited E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient RipV1 expression suppressed PTI gene expression and ROS burst in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- Transient expression of RipV1e0
- Gene
- RipV1e0
- Outcome
- expression of PTI‐related genes and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) burste0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression of RipV1 suppressed plant pathogen‐associated molecular pattern (PAMP)‐triggered immunity (PTI) responses in Nicotiana benthamiana , such as the expression of PTI‐related genes and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst”
Claim · model-written summary
Prolonged RipV1 expression induced cell death in N. benthamiana leaves.
- Taxon
- N . benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Prolonged expression of RipV1e0
- Gene
- RipV1e0
- Outcome
- cell deathe0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Prolonged expression of RipV1 induced cell death in N . benthamiana leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation of the conserved cysteine abolished RipV1 E3 ligase activity.
- Treatment
- mutating the conserved cysteine residuee0
- Gene
- RipV1e0
- Outcome
- E3 ligase activitye0
- Direction
- abolishede0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“mutating the conserved cysteine residue of RipV1 abolished its E3 ligase activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation of the conserved cysteine abolished RipV1 suppression of plant PTI.
Verbatim
e0“mutating the conserved cysteine residue of RipV1 abolished its E3 ligase activity and its ability to suppress plant PTI responses”
Claim · model-written summary
RipV1 was indispensable for full R. solanacearum virulence in potato.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Interactor
- R . solanacearum
Ralstonia solanacearume0pathogen - Gene
- RipV1e0
- Outcome
- full virulencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the indispensability of RipV1 for R . solanacearum 's full virulence in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Potatoes overexpressing ripV1 had enhanced susceptibility to R. solanacearum, unlike catalytic mutant ripV1‐C444A.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- overexpressing ripV1e0
- Interactor
- R . solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume0pathogen
- Gene
- ripV1e0
- Outcome
- susceptibilitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- catalytic mutant ripV1‐C444Ae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transgenic potato plants overexpressing ripV1 but not the catalytic mutant ripV1‐C444A displayed enhanced susceptibility to R . solanacearum”
Claim · model-written summary
RipV1 localized to the plant plasma membrane, with its N-terminus determining localization.
Verbatim
e0“RipV1 was observed to localize specifically to the plant plasma membrane, with its N‐terminus being pivotal in determining this localization”
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See all 42 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.