Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum is the causal agent of bacterial wilt in solanaceous crops. This pathogen injects approximately 70 effector proteins into plant cells via the Hrp type III secretion system in an early stage of infection. To identify an as-yet-unidentified avirulence factor possessed by the Japanese tobacco-avirulent strain RS1000, we transiently expressed RS1000 effectors in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and monitored their ability to induce effector-triggered immunity (ETI). The expression of RipB strongly induced the production of reactive oxygen species and the expressions of defence-related genes in N. benthamiana. The ripB mutant of RS1002, a nalixidic acid-resistant derivative of RS1000, caused wilting symptoms in N. benthamiana. A pathogenicity test using R. solanacearum mutants revealed that the two already known avirulence factors RipP1 and RipAA contribute in part to the avirulence of RS1002 in N. benthamiana. The Japanese tobacco-virulent strain BK1002 contains mutations in ripB and expresses a C-terminal-truncated RipB that lost the ability to induce ETI in N. benthamiana, indicating a fine-tuning of the pathogen effector repertoire to evade plant recognition. RipB shares homology with Xanthomonas XopQ, which is recognized by the resistance protein Roq1. The RipB-induced resistance against R. solanacearum was abolished in Roq1-silenced plants. These findings indicate that RipB acts as a major avirulence factor in N. benthamiana and that Roq1 is involved in the recognition of RipB.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
RipB expression induced reactive oxygen species production in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- N. benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- expression of RipBe0
- Gene
- RipBe0
- Outcome
- production of reactive oxygen speciese0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression of RipB strongly induced the production of reactive oxygen species and the expressions of defence-related genes in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
RipB expression induced defence gene expression in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- expression of RipBe0
- Gene
- RipBe0
- Outcome
- expressions of defence-related genese0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression of RipB strongly induced the production of reactive oxygen species and the expressions of defence-related genes in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
The RS1002 ripB mutant caused wilting in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Material
- ripB mutant of RS1002e0
- Interactor
- RS1002e0pathogen
- Outcome
- wilting symptomse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ripB mutant of RS1002, a nalixidic acid-resistant derivative of RS1000, caused wilting symptoms in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
RipP1 partly contributed to RS1002 avirulence in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Interactor
- RS1002e0pathogen
- Gene
- RipP1e0
- Outcome
- avirulence of RS1002e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the two already known avirulence factors RipP1 and RipAA contribute in part to the avirulence of RS1002 in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
RipAA partly contributed to RS1002 avirulence in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Interactor
- RS1002e0pathogen
- Gene
- RipAAe0
- Outcome
- avirulence of RS1002e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the two already known avirulence factors RipP1 and RipAA contribute in part to the avirulence of RS1002 in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
BK1002 had ripB mutations and a truncated RipB that lost ETI induction.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Interactor
- BK1002e0pathogen
- Gene
- ripBe0
- Outcome
- ability to induce ETIe0
- Direction
- loste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Japanese tobacco-virulent strain BK1002 contains mutations in ripB and expresses a C-terminal-truncated RipB that lost the ability to induce ETI in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
RipB shared homology with Xanthomonas XopQ.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Gene
- RipBe0
- Outcome
- homology with Xanthomonas XopQe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RipB shares homology with Xanthomonas XopQ, which is recognized by the resistance protein Roq1”
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Roq1 silencing abolished RipB-induced resistance to R. solanacearum.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Treatment
- Roq1-silenced plantse0
- Interactor
- R. solanacearum
Ralstonia solanacearume0pathogen - Gene
- Roq1e0
- Outcome
- RipB-induced resistance against R. solanacearume0
- Direction
- abolishede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The RipB-induced resistance against R. solanacearum was abolished in Roq1-silenced plants”
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
RipB was identified as a major avirulence factor, with Roq1 involved in its recognition.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Gene
- RipBe0
- Outcome
- major avirulence factore0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RipB acts as a major avirulence factor in N. benthamiana and that Roq1 is involved in the recognition of RipB”
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See all 29 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.