Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate phenolic content and antioxidant and antibacterial potentials of the fractions of the hydroethanolic extract of Uvaria chamae leaves, a food plant from Burkina Faso. Thus, the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions of the hydroalcoholic extract after drying were used to determine phenolic compound content, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial potential on strains of pathogenic bacteria responsible for food contamination. Phytochemical analyses were performed according to standardized methods, while antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP methods. The antibacterial activity of the fractions was determined by diffusion and microdilution methods on the agar medium with gentamicin as a reference antibiotic. All the six strains, namely, Salmonella typhi ATCC 19430, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Bacillus cereus ATCC 13061, and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, were sensitive to the fractions tested. Minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from 37 µg·mL−1 to 1.67 mg·mL−1, respectively, gentamicin and butanolic fractions, while minimum bactericidal concentrations of the fractions ranged from 0.037 to 2.500 mg·mL−1 depending on the bacterial strain. Antioxidant activity varied significantly between fractions. For DPPH free radical scavenging activity, the butanol fraction was the most active, with an IC50 of 280 μg/mL, while the lowest activity (705 μg/mL) was recorded by the hexane fraction. Those of trolox and ascorbic acid used as standards were 80 and 100 μg/mL, respectively. Ferric reducing power (FRAP) ranged from 0.34 to 0.40 mmol EAA/g extract for the hexanic and ethyl acetate fractions, respectively. Phenolic compound contents also varied significantly between fractions. Butanoic and ethyl acetate presented the best contents of total phenolics and flavonoids, respectively. Significant and positive correlations were also recorded between phenolics and antioxidant activities. The antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the active fractions would be related to their richness in bioactive compounds, including phenolic, which are powerful natural antioxidants. U. chamae leaf extracts could therefore be used as dietary supplements to boost the immune system and prevent bacterial infections.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
All six bacterial strains were sensitive to the fractions.
- Taxon
- Uvaria chamae
Uvaria chamaet0 - Outcome
- sensitive to the fractions testede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the six strains, namely, Salmonella typhi ATCC 19430, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Bacillus cereus ATCC 13061, and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, were sensitive to the fractions tested”
t0“Uvaria chamae”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimum inhibitory concentrations varied between gentamicin and butanolic fractions.
- Taxon
- Uvaria chamaeUvaria chamaet0
- Outcome
- Minimum inhibitory concentrationse0
- Value
- 37 µg·mL−1 to 1.67 mg·mL−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from 37 µg·mL−1 to 1.67 mg·mL−1, respectively, gentamicin and butanolic fractions”
t0“Uvaria chamae”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimum bactericidal concentrations varied with bacterial strain.
- Taxon
- Uvaria chamaeUvaria chamaet0
- Outcome
- minimum bactericidal concentrationse0
- Value
- 0.037 to 2.500 mg·mL−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum bactericidal concentrations of the fractions ranged from 0.037 to 2.500 mg·mL−1 depending on the bacterial strain”
t0“Uvaria chamae”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant activity differed significantly among fractions.
- Taxon
- Uvaria chamaeUvaria chamaet0
- Outcome
- Antioxidant activitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antioxidant activity varied significantly between fractions”
t0“Uvaria chamae”
Claim · model-written summary
Butanol fraction had the greatest DPPH activity, with IC50 of 280 μg/mL.
- Taxon
- Uvaria chamaeUvaria chamaet0
- Material
- butanol fractione0
- Outcome
- IC50e0
- Direction
- most activee0
- Value
- 280 μg/mLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the butanol fraction was the most active, with an IC50 of 280 μg/mL”
t0“Uvaria chamae”
Claim · model-written summary
Hexane fraction had the lowest DPPH activity at 705 μg/mL.
- Taxon
- Uvaria chamaeUvaria chamaet0
- Material
- hexane fractione0
- Outcome
- activitye0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 705 μg/mLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest activity (705 μg/mL) was recorded by the hexane fraction”
t0“Uvaria chamae”
Claim · model-written summary
FRAP was 0.34 mmol EAA/g extract for the hexanic fraction.
- Taxon
- Uvaria chamaeUvaria chamaet0
- Material
- hexanice0
- Outcome
- Ferric reducing powere0
- Value
- 0.34e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ferric reducing power (FRAP) ranged from 0.34 to 0.40 mmol EAA/g extract for the hexanic and ethyl acetate fractions, respectively”
t0“Uvaria chamae”
Claim · model-written summary
FRAP was 0.40 mmol EAA/g extract for the ethyl acetate fraction.
- Taxon
- Uvaria chamaeUvaria chamaet0
- Material
- ethyl acetate fractionse0
- Outcome
- Ferric reducing powere0
- Value
- 0.40 mmol EAA/g extracte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ferric reducing power (FRAP) ranged from 0.34 to 0.40 mmol EAA/g extract for the hexanic and ethyl acetate fractions, respectively”
t0“Uvaria chamae”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolic contents differed significantly among fractions.
- Taxon
- Uvaria chamaeUvaria chamaet0
- Outcome
- Phenolic compound contentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phenolic compound contents also varied significantly between fractions”
t0“Uvaria chamae”
Claim · model-written summary
Butanoic fraction had the best total phenolic content.
- Taxon
- Uvaria chamaeUvaria chamaet0
- Material
- Butanoice0
- Outcome
- total phenolicse0
- Direction
- beste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Butanoic and ethyl acetate presented the best contents of total phenolics and flavonoids, respectively”
t0“Uvaria chamae”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethyl acetate fraction had the best flavonoid content.
- Taxon
- Uvaria chamaeUvaria chamaet0
- Material
- ethyl acetatee0
- Outcome
- flavonoidse0
- Direction
- beste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Butanoic and ethyl acetate presented the best contents of total phenolics and flavonoids, respectively”
t0“Uvaria chamae”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolics and antioxidant activities were positively correlated.
- Taxon
- Uvaria chamaeUvaria chamaet0
- Compound
- phenolicse0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitiese0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant and positive correlations were also recorded between phenolics and antioxidant activities”
t0“Uvaria chamae”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors attributed antibacterial and antioxidant activities to bioactive compounds.
- Taxon
- Uvaria chamaeUvaria chamaet0
- Compound
- phenolice0
- Outcome
- antibacterial and antioxidant activitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the active fractions would be related to their richness in bioactive compounds, including phenolic”
t0“Uvaria chamae”