Abstract
Abstract Timely sowing of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) is a crucial agronomic measure to realize its genetic yield potential, particularly under ever‐changing climatic conditions. The present study appraised the genotypic variations of wheat genotypes for dry matter and nutrients' accumulation, partitioning, remobilization and stress indices under timely and late sown conditions of irrigated semi‐arid ecology. Five potential wheat genotypes viz. HD‐2967, HD‐3086, HD‐3249, DBW‐187 and HD‐3226 were evaluated under field conditions, however, the studies for root‐system traits were made in PVC tubes. Timely sown wheat had grain yield advantage of 18%, and genotypes DBW‐187 (5.77 t ha −1 ) and HD‐2967 (4.78 t ha −1 ) produced the highest grain yield under the timely and late sown conditions respectively. The days (d) to anthesis and grain filling period under the late sown was hastened by 5.2 d, and shortened by 7.4 d. Timely sowing enhanced the post‐anthesis dry matter accumulation and remobilization to the tune of 18.8% and 23% respectively. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulated post‐anthesis and their remobilization under the timely sown was significantly greater than the late sown, while the contribution of remobilization to grain content was higher under the late sown except for the nitrogen. The canopy temperature was cooler by 2°C under the timely sown, while the canopy temperature depression was greater by 0.8–1.04°C, at anthesis and dough stages of the crop. The leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD meter value) at anthesis and dough stages improved by 10% and 7.6% due to timely sowing. The genotypes HD‐2967 and HD‐3249 had relatively greater geometric mean productivity and stress tolerance index coupled with a comparatively higher yield stability index. Further, the root‐system traits, that is, total root length (TRL), root biomass and root length density (RLD) were significantly superior both at 50 DAS (days after sowing) and at anthesis under the timely sown compared to the late sown. This study clearly outlined that timely sowing of wheat resulted in higher post‐anthesis dry matter accumulation, nutrient acquisition and remobilization along with improved root‐system traits and grain yield. Screening of the genotypes, based on stress indices would result in a better understanding of the genotypic performance and improve the genetic yield potential under varying environmental conditions.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Timely sowing gave wheat an 18% grain-yield advantage.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Timely sowne0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- advantagee0
- Value
- 18%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Timely sown wheat had grain yield advantage of 18%”
Claim · model-written summary
DBW‐187 had the highest timely-sown grain yield, 5.77 t ha −1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- DBW‐187e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 5.77 t ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- timely and late sown conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genotypes DBW‐187 (5.77 t ha −1 ) and HD‐2967 (4.78 t ha −1 ) produced the highest grain yield under the timely and late sown conditions respectively”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
HD‐2967 had the highest late-sown grain yield, 4.78 t ha −1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- HD‐2967e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 4.78 t ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- timely and late sown conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genotypes DBW‐187 (5.77 t ha −1 ) and HD‐2967 (4.78 t ha −1 ) produced the highest grain yield under the timely and late sown conditions respectively”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Late sowing hastened anthesis by 5.2 d.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- late sowne0
- Outcome
- days (d) to anthesise0
- Direction
- hastenede0
- Value
- 5.2 de0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“days (d) to anthesis and grain filling period under the late sown was hastened by 5.2 d, and shortened by 7.4 d”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Late sowing shortened grain filling by 7.4 d.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- late sowne0
- Outcome
- grain filling periode0
- Direction
- shortenede0
- Value
- 7.4 de0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain filling period under the late sown was hastened by 5.2 d, and shortened by 7.4 d”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Timely sowing enhanced post-anthesis dry matter accumulation by 18.8%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Timely sowinge0
- Outcome
- post‐anthesis dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 18.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Timely sowing enhanced the post‐anthesis dry matter accumulation and remobilization to the tune of 18.8% and 23% respectively.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Timely sowing enhanced post-anthesis dry matter remobilization by 23%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Timely sowinge0
- Outcome
- remobilizatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 23%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Timely sowing enhanced the post‐anthesis dry matter accumulation and remobilization to the tune of 18.8% and 23% respectively.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Timely sowing increased post-anthesis N, P and K accumulation and remobilization significantly.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- timely sowne0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulated post‐anthesis and their remobilizatione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- late sowne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulated post‐anthesis and their remobilization under the timely sown was significantly greater than the late sown”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Late sowing increased remobilization contribution to grain content except for nitrogen.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- late sowne0
- Outcome
- contribution of remobilization to grain contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- except for the nitrogene0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“contribution of remobilization to grain content was higher under the late sown except for the nitrogen”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Timely sowing cooled canopy temperature by 2°C.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- timely sowne0
- Outcome
- canopy temperaturee0
- Direction
- coolere0
- Value
- 2°Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“canopy temperature was cooler by 2°C under the timely sown”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Timely sowing raised canopy temperature depression by 0.8–1.04°C.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- anthesis and dough stagese0
- Outcome
- canopy temperature depressione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 0.8–1.04°Ce0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“canopy temperature depression was greater by 0.8–1.04°C, at anthesis and dough stages of the crop”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Timely sowing improved leaf chlorophyll content by 10% at anthesis.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- anthesise0
- Treatment
- timely sowinge0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD meter value)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 10%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD meter value) at anthesis and dough stages improved by 10% and 7.6% due to timely sowing”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Timely sowing improved leaf chlorophyll content by 7.6% at dough stage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- dough stagese0
- Treatment
- timely sowinge0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD meter value)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 7.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD meter value) at anthesis and dough stages improved by 10% and 7.6% due to timely sowing”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
HD‐2967 and HD‐3249 had relatively greater productivity and tolerance indices and higher yield stability.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- HD‐2967 and HD‐3249e0
- Outcome
- geometric mean productivity and stress tolerance indexe0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genotypes HD‐2967 and HD‐3249 had relatively greater geometric mean productivity and stress tolerance index coupled with a comparatively higher yield stability index”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Timely sowing gave significantly superior root length, biomass and root length density at 50 DAS and anthesis.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- timely sowne0
- Outcome
- total root length (TRL), root biomass and root length density (RLD)e0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Qualifier
- 50 DAS (days after sowing) and at anthesise0
- Comparator
- late sowne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total root length (TRL), root biomass and root length density (RLD) were significantly superior both at 50 DAS (days after sowing) and at anthesis under the timely sown compared to the late sown”
t0“wheat”
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