Abstract
Abstract The utilization of advantageous microorganisms as a biofertilizer has gained significant importance in the agricultural industry due to their potential contribution to food safety and the sustainable cultivation of crops. To evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and co‐inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhiza and rhizobium on the yield and yield component of chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.), a 2‐year field experiment was conducted in 2020–2021 at the Agricultural Research Station of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The experiment was designed as a randomized block trial in factorial design with three replicates. The treatments included two levels of inoculation (noninoculated and inoculated with rhizobium and mycorrhiza) and application of different levels of N fertilizer (0, 25, or 50 kg ha −1 ) at three growth stages (sowing, flowering, pod filling) as follows; F0 (0,0,0), F1 (25,0,0), F2 (25,25,0), F3 (25,25,25), F4 (50,0,0), F5 (50,50,0) and F6 (50,50,50), respectively. The results showed that seed inoculation and split N fertilization significantly increased yield and yield components in chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.). Seed inoculation showed the highest values for all traits studied compared to the noninoculated treatments. Moreover, among the fertilizer treatments, the highest values for plant height (41.8 cm), number of branches (9.1), number of grains per plant (17.8) and 100‐grain weight (30.4 g) from F6 through the F3 treatment, were statistically similar. The results show that the effect of inoculation is more significant when a lower amount of N fertilizer is applied. Due to the health and environmental problems associated with chemical fertilizers, double inoculation and split application of N fertilizers at lower doses can be recommended.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Seed inoculation and split nitrogen fertilization significantly increased chickpea yield and yield components.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinume0 - Treatment
- seed inoculation and split N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- yield and yield componentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed inoculation and split N fertilization significantly increased yield and yield components in chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed inoculation produced the highest values for all studied traits relative to noninoculated treatments.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Seed inoculatione0
- Outcome
- all traits studiede0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- noninoculated treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed inoculation showed the highest values for all traits studied compared to the noninoculated treatments”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
F6 through F3 had statistically similar highest plant heights of 41.8 cm.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- F6 through the F3 treatmente0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 41.8 cme0
- Qualifier
- statistically similare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest values for plant height (41.8 cm), number of branches (9.1), number of grains per plant (17.8) and 100‐grain weight (30.4 g) from F6 through the F3 treatment, were statistically similar”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
F6 through F3 had statistically similar highest branch numbers of 9.1.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- F6 through the F3 treatmente0
- Outcome
- number of branchese0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 9.1e0
- Qualifier
- statistically similare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest values for plant height (41.8 cm), number of branches (9.1), number of grains per plant (17.8) and 100‐grain weight (30.4 g) from F6 through the F3 treatment, were statistically similar”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
F6 through F3 had statistically similar highest grain number per plant of 17.8.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- F6 through the F3 treatmente0
- Outcome
- number of grains per plante0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 17.8e0
- Qualifier
- statistically similare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest values for plant height (41.8 cm), number of branches (9.1), number of grains per plant (17.8) and 100‐grain weight (30.4 g) from F6 through the F3 treatment, were statistically similar”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
F6 through F3 had statistically similar highest 100-grain weight of 30.4 g.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- F6 through the F3 treatmente0
- Outcome
- 100‐grain weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 30.4 ge0
- Qualifier
- statistically similare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest values for plant height (41.8 cm), number of branches (9.1), number of grains per plant (17.8) and 100‐grain weight (30.4 g) from F6 through the F3 treatment, were statistically similar”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation had a more significant effect at lower nitrogen fertilizer amounts.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- inoculatione0
- Outcome
- effect of inoculatione0
- Direction
- more significante0
- Qualifier
- when a lower amount of N fertilizer is appliede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of inoculation is more significant when a lower amount of N fertilizer is applied”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend double inoculation and lower split nitrogen doses.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Outcome
- double inoculation and split application of N fertilizers at lower dosese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“double inoculation and split application of N fertilizers at lower doses can be recommended”
t0“chickpea”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
199 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- no effect
213 papers more in this group
See all 217 papers →fertilization · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
325 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
341 papers more in this group
See all 345 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.