Abstract
Accumulation of phytochemicals in vegetative tissue under nitrogen (N) stress as an adaptive strategy has been investigated in various crops, but the effect of applied N on grain phytochemicals is poorly understood. This study investigated the effect of applied N on the biosynthesis and accumulation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain anthocyanin and γ-oryzanol under different ultraviolet-B (UV-B) conditions in a controlled pot trial using two distinct black rice genotypes. The response of grain anthocyanin and γ-oryzanol content to applied N was genotype-dependent but was not altered by UV-B conditions. Applied N increased grain anthocyanin and decreased γ-oryzanol content in genotype SCU212 but had no significant effect in genotype SCU254. The expression of the OsKala3 regulatory gene was significantly upregulated in response to applied N in SCU212, while the expressions of OsKala4 and OsTTG1 were unchanged. The expression of all three regulatory genes was not significantly affected in SCU254 with applied N. Key anthocyanin biosynthesis genes were upregulated in grain by N application, which indicates that the common increase in anthocyanin in vegetative tissues under N deprivation does not hold true for reproductive tissues. Hence, any future approach to target higher content of these key phytochemicals in grains should be genotype-focused.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased grain anthocyanin in SCU212.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- SCU212e0
- Treatment
- Applied Ne0
- Outcome
- grain anthocyanine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applied N increased grain anthocyanin and decreased γ-oryzanol content in genotype SCU212 but had no significant effect in genotype SCU254.”
t0“Black Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen decreased γ-oryzanol in SCU212.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- SCU212e0
- Treatment
- Applied Ne0
- Outcome
- γ-oryzanol contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applied N increased grain anthocyanin and decreased γ-oryzanol content in genotype SCU212 but had no significant effect in genotype SCU254.”
t0“Black Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen had no significant effect on grain anthocyanin in SCU254.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- SCU254e0
- Treatment
- Applied Ne0
- Outcome
- grain anthocyanine0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applied N increased grain anthocyanin and decreased γ-oryzanol content in genotype SCU212 but had no significant effect in genotype SCU254.”
t0“Black Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen had no significant effect on γ-oryzanol in SCU254.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- SCU254e0
- Treatment
- Applied Ne0
- Outcome
- γ-oryzanol contente0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applied N increased grain anthocyanin and decreased γ-oryzanol content in genotype SCU212 but had no significant effect in genotype SCU254.”
t0“Black Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B conditions did not alter the genotype-dependent nitrogen response of grain phytochemicals.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- UV-B conditionse0
- Outcome
- response of grain anthocyanin and γ-oryzanol content to applied Ne0
- Direction
- not alterede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The response of grain anthocyanin and γ-oryzanol content to applied N was genotype-dependent but was not altered by UV-B conditions.”
t0“Black Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen significantly upregulated OsKala3 expression in SCU212.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- SCU212e0
- Treatment
- applied Ne0
- Gene
- OsKala3e0
- Outcome
- expression of the OsKala3 regulatory genee0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression of the OsKala3 regulatory gene was significantly upregulated in response to applied N in SCU212”
t0“Black Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
OsKala4 expression was unchanged under nitrogen in SCU212.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen Fertilisert0
- Gene
- OsKala4e0
- Outcome
- expressions of OsKala4e0
- Direction
- unchangede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while the expressions of OsKala4 and OsTTG1 were unchanged.”
t0“Nitrogen Fertiliser Effects on Grain Anthocyanin and γ-Oryzanol Biosynthesis in Black Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
OsTTG1 expression was unchanged under nitrogen in SCU212.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen Fertilisert0
- Gene
- OsTTG1e0
- Outcome
- OsTTG1e0
- Direction
- unchangede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while the expressions of OsKala4 and OsTTG1 were unchanged.”
t0“Nitrogen Fertiliser Effects on Grain Anthocyanin and γ-Oryzanol Biosynthesis in Black Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen did not significantly affect the three regulatory genes in SCU254.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- SCU254e0
- Treatment
- applied Ne0
- Outcome
- expression of all three regulatory genese0
- Direction
- not significantly affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression of all three regulatory genes was not significantly affected in SCU254 with applied N.”
t0“Black Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen upregulated key anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in grain.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- graine0
- Treatment
- N applicatione0
- Outcome
- Key anthocyanin biosynthesis genese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Key anthocyanin biosynthesis genes were upregulated in grain by N application”
t0“Black Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend targeting grain phytochemicals by genotype.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- genotype-focusede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“any future approach to target higher content of these key phytochemicals in grains should be genotype-focused.”
t0“Black Rice”
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See all 121 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.