Abstract
Chemical fertilizers used in plant development and differentiation have become a global problem affecting the entire ecosystem, especially soil pollution. Food production demand with the increasing population has encouraged scientists to use biogenic nanoparticles in the agricultural field. Evaluation of growth, development, and differentiation processes of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) seedlings at gradually increasing concentrations of biogenic iron oxide nanoparticles (BIO-NPs) were identified by morphological and physiological parameters in this study. The results showed that growth parameters reached the maximum value at 100 mg/L but were less at other concentrations. At similar concentration, the stomatal density of the leaf was the maximum, while the stomatal area showed the lowest value. The levels of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased in the treated seedlings. BIO-NPs increased the antioxidant defense and supported its growth by changing the antioxidant enzyme activities, H2O2, and MDA contents. The BIO-NP treatment provided positive improvements in phytochemical content in parallel with the growth and development of sweet basil seedlings. Different growth parameters, physiological results, supporting enzyme activities, and biochemical data revealed the contribution of the BIO-NP treatments to the growth and development of sweet basil seedlings. BIO-NPs improved higher phytochemical production of sweet basil, which may be suitable for its propagation on a commercial scale.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Growth parameters peaked at 100 mg/L BIO-NPs and were lower at other concentrations.
- Taxon
- sweet basil
Ocimum basilicumt0 - Treatment
- 100 mg/Le0
- Outcome
- growth parameterse0
- Direction
- maximum valuee0
- Comparator
- other concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth parameters reached the maximum value at 100 mg/L but were less at other concentrations”
t0“sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf stomatal density peaked at the same concentration.
- Taxon
- sweet basilOcimum basilicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- 100 mg/Le1
- Outcome
- stomatal densitye0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- other concentrationse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At similar concentration, the stomatal density of the leaf was the maximum”
e1“growth parameters reached the maximum value at 100 mg/L but were less at other concentrations”
t0“sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf stomatal area was lowest at the same concentration.
- Taxon
- sweet basilOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- 100 mg/Le1
- Outcome
- stomatal areae0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Comparator
- other concentrationse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while the stomatal area showed the lowest value”
e1“growth parameters reached the maximum value at 100 mg/L but were less at other concentrations”
t0“sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
H2O2 level decreased in treated seedlings.
- Taxon
- sweet basilOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- treated seedlingse0
- Outcome
- levels of H2O2e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The levels of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased in the treated seedlings”
t0“sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
MDA level decreased in treated seedlings.
- Taxon
- sweet basilOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- treated seedlingse0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The levels of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased in the treated seedlings”
t0“sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
BIO-NPs increased antioxidant defense through altered enzyme activity and oxidative markers.
- Taxon
- sweet basilOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- BIO-NPse0
- Outcome
- antioxidant defensee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- changing the antioxidant enzyme activities, H2O2, and MDA contentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BIO-NPs increased the antioxidant defense and supported its growth by changing the antioxidant enzyme activities, H2O2, and MDA contents”
t0“sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
BIO-NPs supported basil growth.
- Taxon
- sweet basilOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- BIO-NPse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- supportede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BIO-NPs increased the antioxidant defense and supported its growth by changing the antioxidant enzyme activities, H2O2, and MDA contents”
t0“sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
BIO-NP treatment improved phytochemical content.
- Taxon
- sweet basilOcimum basilicume0
- Treatment
- BIO-NP treatmente0
- Outcome
- phytochemical contente0
- Direction
- improvementse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The BIO-NP treatment provided positive improvements in phytochemical content in parallel with the growth and development of sweet basil seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
nanoparticle · molecular: metabolites · Ocimum basilicum (basil)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.