Abstract
Rust disease is a common plant disease that can cause wilting, slow growth of plant leaves, and even affect the growth and development of plants. Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is native to temperate regions of Europe, which has been introduced as a superior forage grass in temperate regions worldwide. Orchardgrass has rich genetic diversity and is widely distributed in the world, which may contain rust resistance genes not found in other crops. Therefore, we collected a total of 333 orchardgrass accessions from different regions around the world. Through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis conducted in four different environments, 91 genes that overlap or are adjacent to significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified as potential rust disease resistance genes. Combining transcriptome data from susceptible (PI292589) and resistant (PI251814) accessions, the GWAS candidate gene DG5C04160.1 encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST) was found to be important for orchardgrass rust (Puccinia graminis) resistance. Interestingly, by comparing the number of GST gene family members in seven species, it was found that orchardgrass has the most GST gene family members, containing 119 GST genes. Among them, 23 GST genes showed significant differential expression after inoculation with the rust pathogen in resistant and susceptible accessions; 82% of the genes still showed significantly increased expression 14 days after inoculation in resistant accessions, while the expression level significantly decreased in susceptible accessions. These results indicate that GST genes play an important role in orchardgrass resistance to rust (P. graminis) stress by encoding GST to reduce its oxidative stress response.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
GWAS identified 91 potential rust resistance genes.
- Taxon
- Dactylis glomerata
.jpg?width=60)
Dactylis glomeratat0 - Outcome
- potential rust disease resistance genese0
- Value
- 91 genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“91 genes that overlap or are adjacent to significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified as potential rust disease resistance genes”
t0“Dactylis glomerata”
Claim · model-written summary
DG5C04160.1 encoding GST was implicated in rust resistance.
- Taxon
- orchardgrassDactylis glomeratae0
- Interactor
- Puccinia graminis
Puccinia graminise0pathogen - Gene
- DG5C04160.1e0
- Outcome
- rust (Puccinia graminis) resistancee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the GWAS candidate gene DG5C04160.1 encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST) was found to be important for orchardgrass rust (Puccinia graminis) resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
Orchardgrass had the most GST family members among seven compared species, with 119.
- Taxon
- orchardgrassDactylis glomeratae0
- Gene
- GSTe0
- Outcome
- GST gene family memberse0
- Direction
- moste0
- Value
- 119 GST genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“orchardgrass has the most GST gene family members, containing 119 GST genes”
Claim · model-written summary
Twenty-three GST genes were differentially expressed after rust inoculation.
- Taxon
- Dactylis glomerataDactylis glomeratat0
- Interactor
- rust pathogene0pathogen
- Gene
- GST genese0
- Outcome
- differential expressione0
- Value
- 23 GST genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“23 GST genes showed significant differential expression after inoculation with the rust pathogen in resistant and susceptible accessions”
t0“Dactylis glomerata”
Claim · model-written summary
In resistant accessions, expression of 82% of the genes remained increased 14 days after inoculation.
- Taxon
- Dactylis glomerataDactylis glomeratat0
- Material
- resistant accessionse0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 82%e0
- Qualifier
- 14 days after inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“82% of the genes still showed significantly increased expression 14 days after inoculation in resistant accessions”
t0“Dactylis glomerata”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression decreased significantly in susceptible accessions.
- Taxon
- Dactylis glomerataDactylis glomeratat0
- Material
- susceptible accessionse0
- Outcome
- expression levele0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression level significantly decreased in susceptible accessions”
t0“Dactylis glomerata”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose that GST genes confer rust resistance through reduced oxidative stress.
- Taxon
- orchardgrassDactylis glomeratae0
- Interactor
- P. graminisPuccinia graminise0pathogen
- Gene
- GST genese0
- Outcome
- resistance to rust (P. graminis) stresse0
- Qualifier
- reduce its oxidative stress responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GST genes play an important role in orchardgrass resistance to rust (P. graminis) stress by encoding GST to reduce its oxidative stress response”