Abstract
Terminalia bellerica is well-known for producing edible fruits with pharmacotherapeutic properties. Traditional healers use these species to treat and control diabetes mellitus, its side effects, and other illnesses. Involved in this disease's pathophysiological process, extensive research has been conducted to validate and comprehend these bioactive claims scientifically. This research aims to ascertain the bioactive metabolite contents of different solvent polarities, including ethyl acetate, hexane, distilled water, and methanol. The phenol concentration was determined using the Follin-Ciocalteu procedure to be between 23.45 and 160.41 mg GAE/g. The aluminum chloride colorimetric technique measured flavonoid concentration from 88.52 to 7.12 mg QE/g. The quantitative values of tannic acid, which spanned from 0.78 to 5.32 mg TAE/g, were determined by spectrophotometry UV-VIS. The extracts' capacity to reduce free radical damage ABTS (2, 2' azinobis (3-ethylbenzene-thiazoline-6-sulfonic-acid) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) was examined. The extract ethyl acetate exhibited the most significant level of antioxidant activity, with IC50 values for DPPH and ABTS of 28.17 and 22.22 g/ml, respectively. Staphylococcus aureus (23 mm) and were tested for antibacterial and antifungal activity in a methanol extract (21 mm). In vitro, antidiabetic activities were assessed using α-glucoside and α-amylase inhibition. The ethyl acetate extract has α-glucoside inhibition IC50 of 23.04 g/ml and α-amylase inhibition IC50 of 25.35 g/ml. T. bellerica seed includes secondary metabolites that show promise as lead chemicals in creating potent medications.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Phenol concentration of Terminalia bellerica seed extracts ranged between 23.45 and 160.41 mg GAE/g across solvents.
- Taxon
- Terminalia bellerica
Terminalia belliricat0 - Outcome
- phenol concentratione1
- Value
- between 23.45 and 160.41 mg GAE/ge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Terminalia bellerica Seed Extracts in Various Solvent Polarities”
e1“The phenol concentration was determined using the Follin-Ciocalteu procedure to be between 23.45 and 160.41 mg GAE/g”
Claim · model-written summary
Flavonoid concentration of Terminalia bellerica seed extracts ranged from 88.52 to 7.12 mg QE/g across solvents.
- Taxon
- Terminalia bellericaTerminalia belliricat0
- Outcome
- flavonoid concentratione2
- Value
- from 88.52 to 7.12 mg QE/ge2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Terminalia bellerica Seed Extracts in Various Solvent Polarities”
e2“The aluminum chloride colorimetric technique measured flavonoid concentration from 88.52 to 7.12 mg QE/g”
Claim · model-written summary
Tannic acid content of Terminalia bellerica seed extracts spanned from 0.78 to 5.32 mg TAE/g across solvents.
- Taxon
- Terminalia bellericaTerminalia belliricat0
- Outcome
- tannic acide3
- Value
- from 0.78 to 5.32 mg TAE/ge3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Terminalia bellerica Seed Extracts in Various Solvent Polarities”
e3“The quantitative values of tannic acid, which spanned from 0.78 to 5.32 mg TAE/g, were determined by spectrophotometry UV-VIS”
Claim · model-written summary
The ethyl acetate extract of Terminalia bellerica seed showed the most significant level of antioxidant activity among the solvent extracts.
- Taxon
- Terminalia bellericaTerminalia belliricat0
- Treatment
- extract ethyl acetatee4
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye4
- Direction
- most significant levele4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Terminalia bellerica Seed Extracts in Various Solvent Polarities”
e4“The extract ethyl acetate exhibited the most significant level of antioxidant activity, with IC50 values for DPPH and ABTS of 28.17 and 22.22 g/ml, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The ethyl acetate extract had a DPPH IC50 of 28.17 g/ml.
- Taxon
- Terminalia bellericaTerminalia belliricat0
- Treatment
- extract ethyl acetatee4
- Outcome
- IC50 values for DPPHe4
- Value
- 28.17e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Terminalia bellerica Seed Extracts in Various Solvent Polarities”
e4“The extract ethyl acetate exhibited the most significant level of antioxidant activity, with IC50 values for DPPH and ABTS of 28.17 and 22.22 g/ml, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The ethyl acetate extract had an ABTS IC50 of 22.22 g/ml.
- Taxon
- Terminalia bellericaTerminalia belliricat0
- Treatment
- extract ethyl acetatee4
- Outcome
- ABTSe4
- Value
- 22.22e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Terminalia bellerica Seed Extracts in Various Solvent Polarities”
e4“The extract ethyl acetate exhibited the most significant level of antioxidant activity, with IC50 values for DPPH and ABTS of 28.17 and 22.22 g/ml, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The methanol extract showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (23 mm inhibition zone).
- Taxon
- Terminalia bellericaTerminalia belliricat0
- Treatment
- methanol extracte7
- Interactor
- Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureuse7other - Outcome
- antibacterial and antifungal activitye7
- Value
- 23 mme7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Terminalia bellerica Seed Extracts in Various Solvent Polarities”
e7“Staphylococcus aureus (23 mm) and were tested for antibacterial and antifungal activity in a methanol extract (21 mm)”
Claim · model-written summary
The methanol extract showed antifungal activity (21 mm inhibition zone) against an organism not named in the abstract text.
- Taxon
- Terminalia bellericaTerminalia belliricat0
- Treatment
- methanol extracte7
- Outcome
- antifungal activitye7
- Value
- 21 mme7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Terminalia bellerica Seed Extracts in Various Solvent Polarities”
e7“Staphylococcus aureus (23 mm) and were tested for antibacterial and antifungal activity in a methanol extract (21 mm)”
Claim · model-written summary
The ethyl acetate extract had an alpha-glucosidase inhibition IC50 of 23.04 g/ml.
- Taxon
- Terminalia bellericaTerminalia belliricat0
- Treatment
- ethyl acetate extracte5
- Outcome
- α-glucoside inhibition IC50e5
- Value
- 23.04e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Terminalia bellerica Seed Extracts in Various Solvent Polarities”
e5“The ethyl acetate extract has α-glucoside inhibition IC50 of 23.04 g/ml and α-amylase inhibition IC50 of 25.35 g/ml”
Claim · model-written summary
The ethyl acetate extract had an alpha-amylase inhibition IC50 of 25.35 g/ml.
- Taxon
- Terminalia bellericaTerminalia belliricat0
- Treatment
- ethyl acetate extracte5
- Outcome
- α-amylase inhibition IC50e5
- Value
- 25.35e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Terminalia bellerica Seed Extracts in Various Solvent Polarities”
e5“The ethyl acetate extract has α-glucoside inhibition IC50 of 23.04 g/ml and α-amylase inhibition IC50 of 25.35 g/ml”
Claim · model-written summary
Terminalia bellerica seed secondary metabolites show promise as lead chemicals for potent medications.
- Taxon
- T. bellericaTerminalia belliricae6
- Compound
- secondary metabolitese6
- Outcome
- show promise as lead chemicals in creating potent medicationse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Terminalia bellerica Seed Extracts in Various Solvent Polarities”
e6“T. bellerica seed includes secondary metabolites that show promise as lead chemicals in creating potent medications”