Abstract
The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India, during the year 2023-2024. The experiment was laid in a Randomized Block Design with 3 replications of 11 treatments applied to gladiolus plants. These treatments included various concentrations of FeSO4 such as control (distilled water), 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, and 1.0%. Iron was applied as foliar spray at the 3rd and 6th leaf stages. In terms of flowering characters, FeSO4 0.4% showed the best results for the number of days to spike emergence (68.65 days), the opening of 1st (86.58 days), 3rd (89.85 days), 5th (92.29 days), and last florets (98.02 days), as well as the diameter of 1st (7.76 cm), 3rd (7.38 cm) and 5th (7.47 cm) florets. In terms of post-harvest characters, FeSO4 0.4% showed best result for flowering duration of 1st (5.62 days), 3rd (5.38 days), 5th (5.41 days) and last florets (5.07 days), length of 1st (9.62 cm), 3rd (8.98 cm) and 5th (9.27 cm) florets, no. of florets/spike (12.21), no. of opened florets/spike (9.26), no. of opened florets at a time (4.97) and vase life (9.05 days) whereas, FeSO4 0.5% showed best results for weight of spike at 1st (36.65 g), 3rd (39.39 g) and 6th (35.53 g) day but FeSO4 0.4% on 9th (32.8 g) day. FeSO4 0.4% influenced water uptake by spike at 3rd (17.17 ml), 6th (39.00 ml) and 9th (44.33 ml) day.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for days to spike emergence (68.65 days) in gladiolus
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- number of days to spike emergencee1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Value
- 68.65 dayse1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
GladiolusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed the best results for the number of days to spike emergence (68.65 days), the opening of 1st (86.58 days), 3rd (89.85 days), 5th (92.29 days), and last florets (98.02 days), as well as the diameter of 1st (7.76 cm), 3rd (7.38 cm) and 5th (7.47 cm) florets”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for opening of 1st florets (86.58 days)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Organ / stage
- floretse1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- opening of 1ste1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Value
- 86.58 dayse1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed the best results for the number of days to spike emergence (68.65 days), the opening of 1st (86.58 days), 3rd (89.85 days), 5th (92.29 days), and last florets (98.02 days), as well as the diameter of 1st (7.76 cm), 3rd (7.38 cm) and 5th (7.47 cm) florets”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for opening of 3rd florets (89.85 days)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Organ / stage
- 3rde1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- openinge1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Value
- 89.85 dayse1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed the best results for the number of days to spike emergence (68.65 days), the opening of 1st (86.58 days), 3rd (89.85 days), 5th (92.29 days), and last florets (98.02 days), as well as the diameter of 1st (7.76 cm), 3rd (7.38 cm) and 5th (7.47 cm) florets”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for opening of 5th florets (92.29 days)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Organ / stage
- 5the1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- openinge1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Value
- 92.29 dayse1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed the best results for the number of days to spike emergence (68.65 days), the opening of 1st (86.58 days), 3rd (89.85 days), 5th (92.29 days), and last florets (98.02 days), as well as the diameter of 1st (7.76 cm), 3rd (7.38 cm) and 5th (7.47 cm) florets”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for opening of last florets (98.02 days)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Organ / stage
- last floretse1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- openinge1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Value
- 98.02 dayse1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed the best results for the number of days to spike emergence (68.65 days), the opening of 1st (86.58 days), 3rd (89.85 days), 5th (92.29 days), and last florets (98.02 days), as well as the diameter of 1st (7.76 cm), 3rd (7.38 cm) and 5th (7.47 cm) florets”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for diameter of 1st florets (7.76 cm)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Organ / stage
- floretse1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- diameter of 1ste1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 7.76 cme1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed the best results for the number of days to spike emergence (68.65 days), the opening of 1st (86.58 days), 3rd (89.85 days), 5th (92.29 days), and last florets (98.02 days), as well as the diameter of 1st (7.76 cm), 3rd (7.38 cm) and 5th (7.47 cm) florets”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for diameter of 3rd florets (7.38 cm)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Organ / stage
- 3rde1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- diametere1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 7.38 cme1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed the best results for the number of days to spike emergence (68.65 days), the opening of 1st (86.58 days), 3rd (89.85 days), 5th (92.29 days), and last florets (98.02 days), as well as the diameter of 1st (7.76 cm), 3rd (7.38 cm) and 5th (7.47 cm) florets”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for diameter of 5th florets (7.47 cm)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Organ / stage
- 5the1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- diametere1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 7.47 cme1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed the best results for the number of days to spike emergence (68.65 days), the opening of 1st (86.58 days), 3rd (89.85 days), 5th (92.29 days), and last florets (98.02 days), as well as the diameter of 1st (7.76 cm), 3rd (7.38 cm) and 5th (7.47 cm) florets”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for flowering duration of 1st florets (5.62 days); 3rd and 5th florets grouped in qualifier
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Organ / stage
- 1ste1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- flowering duratione1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 5.62 dayse1
- Qualifier
- 3rd (5.38 days), 5th (5.41 days)e1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed best result for flowering duration of 1st (5.62 days), 3rd (5.38 days), 5th (5.41 days) and last florets (5.07 days), length of 1st (9.62 cm), 3rd (8.98 cm) and 5th (9.27 cm) florets, no. of florets/spike (12.21), no. of opened florets/spike (9.26), no. of opened florets at a time (4.97) and vase life (9.05 days)”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for flowering duration of last florets (5.07 days)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Organ / stage
- last floretse1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- flowering duratione1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 5.07 dayse1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed best result for flowering duration of 1st (5.62 days), 3rd (5.38 days), 5th (5.41 days) and last florets (5.07 days), length of 1st (9.62 cm), 3rd (8.98 cm) and 5th (9.27 cm) florets, no. of florets/spike (12.21), no. of opened florets/spike (9.26), no. of opened florets at a time (4.97) and vase life (9.05 days)”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for length of 1st florets (9.62 cm); 3rd and 5th florets grouped in qualifier
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Organ / stage
- 1ste1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- lengthe1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 9.62 cme1
- Qualifier
- 3rd (8.98 cm) and 5th (9.27 cm)e1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed best result for flowering duration of 1st (5.62 days), 3rd (5.38 days), 5th (5.41 days) and last florets (5.07 days), length of 1st (9.62 cm), 3rd (8.98 cm) and 5th (9.27 cm) florets, no. of florets/spike (12.21), no. of opened florets/spike (9.26), no. of opened florets at a time (4.97) and vase life (9.05 days)”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for number of florets per spike (12.21)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- no. of florets/spikee1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 12.21e1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed best result for flowering duration of 1st (5.62 days), 3rd (5.38 days), 5th (5.41 days) and last florets (5.07 days), length of 1st (9.62 cm), 3rd (8.98 cm) and 5th (9.27 cm) florets, no. of florets/spike (12.21), no. of opened florets/spike (9.26), no. of opened florets at a time (4.97) and vase life (9.05 days)”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for number of opened florets per spike (9.26)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- no. of opened florets/spikee1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 9.26e1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed best result for flowering duration of 1st (5.62 days), 3rd (5.38 days), 5th (5.41 days) and last florets (5.07 days), length of 1st (9.62 cm), 3rd (8.98 cm) and 5th (9.27 cm) florets, no. of florets/spike (12.21), no. of opened florets/spike (9.26), no. of opened florets at a time (4.97) and vase life (9.05 days)”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for number of opened florets at a time (4.97)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- no. of opened florets at a timee1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 4.97e1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed best result for flowering duration of 1st (5.62 days), 3rd (5.38 days), 5th (5.41 days) and last florets (5.07 days), length of 1st (9.62 cm), 3rd (8.98 cm) and 5th (9.27 cm) florets, no. of florets/spike (12.21), no. of opened florets/spike (9.26), no. of opened florets at a time (4.97) and vase life (9.05 days)”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the best result for vase life (9.05 days)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- vase lifee1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 9.05 dayse1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% showed best result for flowering duration of 1st (5.62 days), 3rd (5.38 days), 5th (5.41 days) and last florets (5.07 days), length of 1st (9.62 cm), 3rd (8.98 cm) and 5th (9.27 cm) florets, no. of florets/spike (12.21), no. of opened florets/spike (9.26), no. of opened florets at a time (4.97) and vase life (9.05 days)”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.5% gave the best result for weight of spike on 1st day (36.65 g)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.5%e1
- Outcome
- weight of spikee1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 36.65 ge1
- Qualifier
- 3rd (39.39 g) and 6th (35.53 g)e1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.5% showed best results for weight of spike at 1st (36.65 g), 3rd (39.39 g) and 6th (35.53 g) day but FeSO4 0.4% on 9th (32.8 g) day”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% gave the weight of spike on 9th day (32.8 g)
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- weight of spikee1
- Value
- 32.8 ge1
- Qualifier
- 9the1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.5% showed best results for weight of spike at 1st (36.65 g), 3rd (39.39 g) and 6th (35.53 g) day but FeSO4 0.4% on 9th (32.8 g) day”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 0.4% influenced water uptake by spike at 3rd day (17.17 ml); 6th and 9th days grouped in qualifier
- Material
- Malaviya Shatabdit1
- Treatment
- FeSO4 0.4%e1
- Outcome
- water uptake by spikee1
- Value
- 17.17 mle1
- Qualifier
- 6th (39.00 ml) and 9th (44.33 ml)e1
- Setting
- Horticulture Research Farme2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“FeSO4 0.4% influenced water uptake by spike at 3rd (17.17 ml), 6th (39.00 ml) and 9th (44.33 ml) day”
e3“treatments applied to gladiolus plants”
e2“The current study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India”
t1“gladiolus cv. Malaviya Shatabdi”
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